Bystander effect

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-001554",
  "term": "Bystander effect",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The induction of biological effects in cells that were not directly irradiated, but received signals from neighboring irradiated cells. This phenomenon demonstrates that radiation damage is not solely confined to the cells that directly absorb energy. The effects can include genomic instability, cell death, and mutations, and are mediated by gap junctions or secreted factors.",
  "subject": "Chemistry and Human Health",
  "see_also": [
    "bystander suppression",
    "immune system"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 2012, 84, 1113. 'IUPAC glossary of terms used in immunotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)' on page 1137 (https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-11-06-03)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/bystander-effect/"
}