Polar effect

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-009073",
  "term": "Polar effect",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The influence of substituents on the reactivity or physical properties of a molecule through inductive or field effects, rather than through resonance. This effect arises from the unequal sharing of electrons in sigma bonds due to differences in electronegativity, leading to bond polarization. Polar effects are transmitted through the molecular framework and can significantly alter the acidity, basicity, and reaction rates of organic compounds.",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "delocalization",
    "electronegativity",
    "electronic effect of substituents: symbols and signs",
    "field effect",
    "inductive effect",
    "mesomeric effect",
    "steric effect"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1150 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/polar-effect/"
}