Surface core-level shift

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-011633",
  "term": "Surface core-level shift",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "A change in the binding energy of core electrons for atoms located at the surface of a material compared to those in the bulk. This shift arises from the different chemical environment and coordination number of surface atoms. It is a sensitive probe of surface electronic structure and can be measured using photoemission spectroscopy.",
  "subject": "Analytical Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "photoemission"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 2020, 92, 1781. 'Glossary of methods and terms used in surface chemical analysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2020)' on page 1831 (https://doi.org/10.1515/pac-2019-0404)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/surface-core-level-shift/"
}