Surface

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-011626",
  "term": "Surface",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The outermost layer of a material, which forms the boundary between two phases, such as a solid and a gas or a liquid and a gas. Its properties, including chemical composition, electronic structure, and atomic arrangement, can differ significantly from the bulk material. Surface analysis techniques are used to characterize these properties.",
  "subject": "Analytical Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "interface"
  ],
  "references": [
    "Orange Book, 2nd ed., p. 251 (https://media.iupac.org/publications/analytical_compendium/)",
    "PAC, 1979, 51, 2243. 'General aspects of trace analytical methods - IV. Recommendations for nomenclature, standard procedures and reporting of experimental data for surface analysis techniques' on page 2246 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197951112243)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/surface/"
}