T-independent antigen

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-012077",
  "term": "T-independent antigen",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "An antigen that can directly stimulate B lymphocytes to produce antibodies without the involvement of T helper lymphocytes. These antigens are typically large polymeric molecules with repeating subunits, such as bacterial polysaccharides. They induce a weaker immune response compared to T-dependent antigens, primarily producing IgM antibodies.",
  "subject": "Chemistry and Human Health",
  "see_also": [
    "T lymphocyte"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 2012, 84, 1113. 'IUPAC glossary of terms used in immunotoxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2012)' on page 1251 (https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-11-06-03)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/t-independent-antigen/"
}