| 5-HTP | 5-hydroxytryptophan |
| AALAS | American Association for Laboratory Animal Science |
| ACKR3 | atypical chemokine receptor 3 |
| ADG | average daily gain |
| ADI | acceptable daily intake |
| AHSV | African horse sickness virus |
| AI | artificial intelligence |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| ALOP | appropriate level of protection |
| ANOVA | analysis of variance |
| API | application programming interface |
| ART | assisted reproductive technologies |
| ASCCT | American Society for Cellular and Computational Toxicology |
| ASFV | African swine fever virus |
| ASp | analytical specificity |
| AVHRR | advanced very high resolution radiometer |
| BAF | bioaccumulation factor |
| BAT | best available technology |
| BBMV | brush border membrane vesicles |
| BFT | biofloc technology |
| BLAD | bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency |
| BMI | body mass index |
| BMP | best management practices |
| BOD | biochemical oxygen demand |
| BSE | bovine spongiform encephalopathy |
| BTV | Bluetongue virus |
| BVD | bovine viral diarrhea |
| CAAT | Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing |
| CAFOs | concentrated animal feeding operations |
| CAP | Common Agricultural Policy |
| CAPE | convective available potential energy |
| CCD | colony collapse disorder |
| CF | condition factor |
| COD | chemical oxygen demand |
| COVID-19 | COVID-19 infection |
| CPI | Consumer Price Index |
| CSL | corn steep liquor |
| CWD | chronic wasting disease; coarse woody debris |
| DALY | disability-adjusted life year |
| DENV | Dengue virus |
| DGGE | denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid; double-stranded DNA |
| DNAPL | dense nonaqueous phase liquids |
| DOM | digestible organic matter |
| DRI | Dietary Reference Intakes |
| DSe | diagnostic sensitivity |
| DSp | diagnostic specificity |
| eDNA | environmental DNA |
| EED | estimated exposure dose |
| EEEV | Eastern equine encephalitis virus |
| EHEC | enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli |
| EIE | enzymatic interesterification |
| ELISA | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay |
| EPD | environmental product declaration |
| EPP | environmentally preferable purchasing |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| ESI-MS | electrospray ionization mass spectrometry |
| ESTs | expressed sequence tags |
| EU | European Union |
| FAIDS | feline acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| FETAX | frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus |
| FGFR-1 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 |
| FGFR-2 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 |
| FGFR-3 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 |
| FGFR-4 | fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 |
| FISH | fluorescence in situ hybridization |
| FMD | foot-and-mouth disease |
| FOB | free on board |
| FRAP | fluorescence recovery after photobleaching |
| FSA | Farm Service Agency |
| FSO | food safety objective |
| GAP | good agricultural practices |
| GAqP | good aquaculture practices |
| GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
| GBS | Guillain-Barre Syndrome |
| GCM | General Circulation Models |
| GDP | gross domestic product |
| GHG | greenhouse gases |
| GHP | good hygiene practices |
| GIS | geographic information systems |
| GNP | gross national product |
| GnRH | gonadotropin-releasing hormone |
| GPS | global positioning systems |
| GSI | gonadosomatic index |
| HACCP | Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points; Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points; Hazard Analysis of Critical Control Points |
| HALY | health-adjusted life year |
| HFCS | high fructose corn syrup |
| HFMD | hand, foot and mouth disease |
| HSI | hepatosomatic index |
| HUFA | highly unsaturated fatty acids |
| IBA | indole butyric acid |
| IBDV | Infectious bursal disease virus |
| IBV | Infectious bronchitis virus |
| IC-50 | inhibitory concentration 50 |
| ICAM-1 | intercellular adhesion molecule-1 |
| ICSI | intracytoplasmic sperm injection |
| IDDM | insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus |
| IL-13 | interleukin-13 |
| IL-8 | interleukin-8 |
| IPM | integrated pest management |
| IRAC | Interagency Risk Assessment Consortium |
| IVF | in vitro fertilization |
| IVIVE | in vitro to in vivo extrapolation |
| JCSMV | Johnsongrass chlorotic stripe mosaic virus |
| kDNA | kinetoplast DNA |
| LC-50 | lethal concentration 50 |
| LCA | life cycle assessment |
| LCFA | long chain fatty acids |
| LCI | life cycle inventory |
| LCIA | life cycle impact assessment |
| LD-50 | lethal dose 50 |
| LDMC | leaf dry matter content |
| LFA-1 | lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 |
| LNAPL | light non-aqueous phase liquids |
| LOEC | lowest observed effect level |
| LPME | liquid-phase microextraction |
| MALDI-MS | matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry |
| MC | microbiological criteria |
| MCDA | multi-criteria decision making |
| MDF | medium density fiberboards |
| MECC | micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography |
| MFA | material flow analysis |
| MHC | major histocompatibility complex |
| MIC | minimum inhibitory concentration |
| MMP-13 | matrix metalloproteinase 13 |
| MRLS | mare reproductive loss syndrome |
| MRSA | methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| MSW | municipal solid waste |
| MUFA | monounsaturated fatty acids |
| MWLMV | Maize white line mosaic virus |
| NEE | net ecosystem exchange |
| NEP | net ecosystem production |
| NESR | Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review |
| NIFA | National Institute of Food and Agriculture |
| NIPF | nonindustrial private forests |
| NOAEL | no observed adverse effect level |
| OAANP | Older Americans Act Nutrition Program |
| OSB | oriented strandboards |
| PAGE | polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| PAR | photosynthetically active radiation |
| PCNA | proliferating cell nuclear antigen |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction; product category rule |
| PDO | protected designation of origin |
| PER | protein efficiency ratio |
| PET | positron-emission tomography |
| PFGE | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis |
| PIPs | plant-incorporated protectants |
| PrPSc | PrPSc proteins |
| PRRS | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome |
| PSTV | Potato spindle tuber viroid |
| PTO | power take-offs |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| QALY | quality-adjusted life year |
| qPCR | quantitative polymerase chain reaction |
| QSAR | quantitative structure-activity relationships |
| QSTR | quantitative structure-toxicity relationships |
| RACE | rapid amplification of cDNA ends |
| RDA | Recommended Dietary Allowances |
| RNAi | RNA interference |
| RRA | rapid rural appraisal |
| RSV | Rous sarcoma virus |
| RV | recreational vehicles |
| SDS | sodium dodecyl sulfate |
| SELEX | systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment |
| SI | site index |
| SINV | Sindbis virus |
| SIT | sterile insect technique |
| SLA | specific leaf area |
| SLT-1 | Shiga-like toxin 1 |
| SLW | specific leaf weight |
| SNPs | single nucleotide polymorphism |
| SPME | solid phase microextraction |
| TMDL | total maximum daily load |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factors |
| TRAP | target region amplification polymorphism |
| t-RNA | transfer RNA |
| UNEP | United Nations Environment Programme |
| UPEC | uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
| USLE | Universal Soil Loss Equation |
| VEEV | Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus |
| VEGF-A | vascular endothelial growth factor A |
| VEGF-B | vascular endothelial growth factor B |
| VEGF-C | vascular endothelial growth factor C |
| VEGF-D | vascular endothelial growth factor D |
| VEGFR-1 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 |
| VEGFR-2 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 |
| VEGFR-3 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3 |
| VIP | vasoactive intestinal peptide |
| VLCFA | very long chain fatty acids |
| VLP | virus-like particles |
| WEEV | Western equine encephalitis virus |
| WTP | willingness to pay |
| WUE | water use efficiency |
| WUI | wildland-urban interface |
| WWW | world wide web |
| Z-DNA | Z form of DNA; left-handed DNA |