Α-effect

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-000302",
  "term": "Α-effect",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "An anomalous increase in the nucleophilicity of a reagent when the attacking atom possesses an unshared electron pair on an adjacent atom, often referred to as an alpha-heteroatom. This effect leads to a higher reactivity than predicted by standard Hammett or Brønsted correlations. Examples include hydroxylamine and hydrazine, which are stronger nucleophiles than expected based on their basicity.",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "Brønsted relation",
    "deviation"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1088 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/a-effect/"
}