Free charge carriers

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-004647",
  "term": "Free charge carriers",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "Electrons or holes that are not bound to specific atoms and are able to move freely within a material, contributing to electrical conductivity. In semiconductors, these carriers are generated by thermal energy or light absorption, promoting electrons to the conduction band or creating holes in the valence band. Their concentration determines the material's conductivity.",
  "subject": "Physical and Biophysical Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "free electrons"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 2011, 83, 931. 'Glossary of terms used in photocatalysis and radiation catalysis (IUPAC Recommendations 2011)' on page 954 (https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-REC-09-09-36)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/free-charge-carriers/"
}