Kinetic isotope effect

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-006356",
  "term": "Kinetic isotope effect",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The change in the rate of a chemical reaction when an atom in the reactant is replaced by one of its isotopes. This effect arises from differences in vibrational frequencies and zero-point energies between isotopic molecules, which influence the activation energy of the reaction. It provides insights into the reaction mechanism and the nature of the transition state.",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "equilibrium constant",
    "intermolecular",
    "intramolecular isotope effect",
    "isotope effect",
    "isotope exchange",
    "isotopes",
    "isotopically substituted",
    "isotopologue",
    "isotopomer",
    "order of reaction",
    "thermodynamic isotope effect",
    "transition state",
    "transition state theory",
    "tunnelling"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1130 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/kinetic-isotope-effect/"
}