Photoelectron spectroscopy

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-008860",
  "term": "Photoelectron spectroscopy",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "A surface-sensitive analytical technique that measures the kinetic energy of electrons emitted from a material when it is irradiated with photons. This method provides information about the elemental composition, chemical state, and electronic structure of the sample. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) are common variants.",
  "subject": "Physical and Biophysical Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "ground state",
    "ionization",
    "kinetic energy",
    "radical ion",
    "spectroscopy",
    "ultraviolet"
  ],
  "references": [
    "Orange Book, 2nd ed., p. 246 (https://media.iupac.org/publications/analytical_compendium/)",
    "PAC, 1976, 45, 221. 'Nomenclature and Spectral Presentation in Electron Spectroscopy Resulting from Excitation by Photons' on page 223 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac197645030221)",
    "PAC, 1996, 68, 2223. 'Glossary of terms used in photochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)' on page 2261 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122223)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/photoelectron-spectroscopy/"
}