Superficial work

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-011602",
  "term": "Superficial work",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "The work done per unit area to create or expand a surface, representing the energy required to bring molecules from the bulk to the surface against intermolecular forces. This quantity is equivalent to the surface tension for a liquid-vapor interface at constant temperature and pressure. It is typically expressed in units of joules per square meter (J/m^2).",
  "subject": "Physical and Biophysical Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "isotropic",
    "surface charge density",
    "surface work"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1983, 55, 1251. 'Interphases in systems of conducting phases (Provisional)' on page 1265 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac198355081251)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/superficial-work/"
}