Chemical species

{
  "id": "MLC-T-CHM-001966",
  "term": "Chemical species",
  "field": "Chemistry",
  "definition": "A group of chemically identical molecular entities, identical in the sense that each can occupy the same molecular energy levels within the time of the observation. Atoms, molecules, ions, ion pairs, radicals, radical ions, complexes and conformers all qualify. Pure liquid water consists of the single species H2O, whereas an aqueous solution of sodium chloride contains Na+(aq) and Cl-(aq).",
  "subject": "Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry",
  "see_also": [
    "graphite",
    "isomer",
    "isotopes",
    "molecular entity",
    "radical",
    "spectrometer",
    "oxidation state"
  ],
  "references": [
    "PAC, 1994, 66, 1077. 'Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)' on page 1096 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199466051077)",
    "PAC, 1996, 68, 2193. 'Basic terminology of stereochemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1996)' on page 2202 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac199668122193)",
    "PAC, 2004, 76, 1033. 'Glossary of terms used in toxicokinetics (IUPAC Recommendations 2003)' on page 1044 (https://doi.org/10.1351/pac200476051033)"
  ],
  "url": "https://mlchart.com/terminology/chemistry/chemical-species/"
}