Environment terminology · MLC-0121

Environment terms: F (1,343)

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• First draw1. The water that comes out when a faucet in the kitchen or bathroom is first opened, which is likely to have...
• First draw sample1. A one-liter sample of tap water, collected in accordance with CFR Section 141 86(b)(2), that has been...
• First federal official1. The first federal representative of a participating agency of the National Response Team to arrive at the...
• First flush1. The condition, often occurring in storm-sewer discharges and CSOs, in which a disproportionately high...
• First food useUse of a pesticide on a food or in a manner which otherwise would be expected to result in residues in a...
• First ladderA series of ascending pools, similar to a staircase, that enables fish to migrate up the river past dams...
• First liftA series of ascending pools, similar to a staircase, that enables fish to migrate up the river past dams...
• First or mid level managerIndividuals who serve as managers, other than those who serve as Executive/ Senior Level Officials and...
• First party attestationWhen the producer of an entity claims to meet a criterion or standard without the verification or endorsement...
• First party certificationWhen the producer of an entity claims to meet a criterion or standard without the verification or endorsement...
• First party claimA claim made by the policyholder for reimbursement by his or her insurance company.
• First principleFundamental concepts or assumptions on which a theory, system, or method is based.
• First principles, see First principle
• First readingThe depth at which logging began at the bottom of the hole.
• First repair attempt1. To take action for the purpose of stopping or reducing leakage of organic material to the atmosphere using...
• First ResponderThose individuals who respond in the early stages of an incident and who aid in the protection of life...
• First responders, see First Responder
• First, second and third partyThe first party is generally the person or organization that provides the object, such as the supplier. The...
• First-order decayA reaction in which the concentration decreases exponentially over time.
• First-order kineticsThe type of relationship describing a dynamic reaction in which the rate of transformation of a pollutant is...
• First-order reactionChemical reaction in which the rate of decrease in concentration of component 'A' with time is proportional...
• Fiscal valueThe usefulness of records in documenting an agency's financial transactions and obligations. See also...
• Fiscal year establishedThe fiscal year in which a particular action, program, or project was initiated or established.
• Fischer-Tropsch processCatalyzed chemical reaction in which synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is converted...
• Fish & wildlife consumptionHuman use of fish and wildlife resources as a food source
• Fish and shellfish consumptionIf a waterbody is assessed for Fish and Shellfish Consumption (eating fish and shellfish) this means it was...
• Fish and wildlife and sensitive environmentAreas that may be identified by their legal designation or by evaluations of Area Committees (for planning)...
• Fish and wildlife environmentAreas that may be identified by their legal designation or by evaluations of Area Committees (for planning)...
• Fish consumption advisory1. A public health notice that warns people about the possible health risks associated with eating fish or...
• Fish diseasesDiseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true...
• Fish kill1. When aquatic life within a river, lake, or stream dies in a mass extinction.
• Fish kills, see Fish kill
• Fish ladder1. A series of ascending pools of running water constructed to allow fish to swim upstream around or over a...
• Fish migrationMany fish species routinely move large distances. In anadromous migration adult fish live in salt water and...
• Fish passageFeatures of a dam that enable fish to move around, through or over a dam without harm. Generally an upstream...
• Fish runsThe place where fish, such as native steelhead trout and salmon, return from the ocean each spring to spawn...
• Fish taggingThe placement of identifying tags or markers, typically permanent, on individual captured fish specimens for...
• Fish unsafe to eat1. Fish unsafe to eat (fish consumption advisory) means that eating fish or shellfish caught from the...
• Fisheries, see Fishery
• Fisheries managementThe process to maintain aquatic resources that are important to fisheries, such as assessment of aquatic...
• FisheryAny area of a surface water body from which human food chain organisms are taken or could be taken for human...
• FishesA group of cold-blooded, aquatic vertebrates having gills, fins, a cartilaginous or bony endoskeleton, and...
• FishingThis industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in the commercial catching or taking of finfish...
• Fishing mortality rateThe percentage of fish removed from a species' population due to commercial fishing.
• FissionThe splitting of an atomic nucleus into at least two other smaller nuclei with the release of a relatively...
• Fitness1. The genetic contribution by an individual's descendants to future generations of a population. Individuals...
• Fitted modelThe user-specified model.
• Five-year reviewFive-Year Reviews generally are required by CERCLA or program policy when hazardous substances remain on site...
• Five-year review report dueThe date that the five year review document is due for a particular site.
• Five-Year State/EPA Conference AgreementAgreement negotiated among the States represented in a Management Conference and the EPA shortly after the...
• Fix a sampleA sample is "fixed" in the field by adding chemicals that prevent water quality indicators of interest in the...
• Fix sampleA sample is fixed in the field by adding chemicals that prevent the water quality indicators of interest in...
• Fixed action patternIn ethology or animal behavior, a complex behavioral response which once released by a key stimulus, runs to...
• Fixed capital costCapital needed to provide all of the depreciable components.
• Fixed chargeThe portion of a water bill that does not vary with water usage.
• Fixed costsCosts associated with water service that do not vary with the amount of water produced or sold.
• Fixed facilityBottom founded offshore oil and gas extraction facility permanently attached to the seabed or subsoil of the...
• Fixed film digesterAn anaerobic digester in which the microorganisms responsible for waste stabilization and biogas production...
• Fixed film reactorsA configuration wherein the microorganisms responsible for wastewater treatment are maintained in suspension...
• Fixed lineIn piping, pipes which continue to connect the same outlets.
• Fixed line flushingFlushing of solvent through lines that are typically fixed and are not associated with the cleaning of a...
• Fixed liquid level gaugeType of liquid level gauge used on liquefied petroleum gas-fueled vehicles which uses a relatively small...
• Fixed monitorPermanently positioned and continuously operating monitors that samples particulates in the air and obtain...
• Fixed plantAny nonmetallic mineral processing plant at which the processing equipment specified in § 60.670(a) is...
• Fixed roof1. Cover that is mounted to a tank or chamber in a stationary manner and which does not move with...
• Fixed roof storage vesselVessel with roof that is mounted (i.e., permanently affixed) on a storage vessel and that does not move with...
• Fixed siteFour fixed, or stationary, indoor monitoring locations and a fixed outdoor monitoring location as close as...
• Fixed water chargeThe portion of a water bill that does not vary with water usage.
• Fixed water costCosts associated with water service that do not vary with the amount of water produced or sold.
• Fixed-location monitoringSampling of an environmental or ambient medium for pollutant concentration at one location continuously or...
• FIXINGA film-processing step that makes the material no longer light-sensitive in order to stabilize the developed...
• Fjord1. A long, narrow arm of the sea, usually formed by entrance of the sea into a deep glacial trough.
• Fjord circulationCirculation in estuaries that possess a sill at the seaward end, inhibiting inflow of seawater into the...
• FlagA True/False field in the RSEI databases used to designate chemicals or facilities included in various EPA...
• Flagellates(FLAJ-el-LATES) Microorganisms that move by the action of tail-like projections.
• Flagellum1. A long, threadlike or whip-like appendage found in certain cells or unicellular organisms that helps the...
• FlaggingDeformation of local vegetation toward one direction, indicating the prevailing wind direction and relative...
• Flagging branchDying or recently dead branches; contrasting in color with the normal green color of a living tree.
• Flagship speciesPopular, charismatic, socially appealing species that serve as symbols and rallying points to evoke public...
• Flame attenuationProcess used to produce wool fiberglass where molten glass flows by gravity from melting furnaces, or pots...
• Flame ionization detector1. A FID is an instrument often used in conjunction with gas chromatography to measure the change of signal...
• Flame polishedMelted by a flame to smooth out irregularities. Sharp or broken edges of glass (such as the end of a glass...
• Flame retardantMaterials applied to fabrics, bedding, furniture, plastics, etc. to retard their burning; many may leach out...
• Flame retardant exposurePresence of potentially dangerous class of chemicals called polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the human...
• Flame zone1. Portion of the combustion chamber in a boiler occupied by the flame envelope.
• Flaming emissionsThe emissions from a fire that is ablaze or has an active flame.
• Flammable1. Describes any material that can be ignited easily and that will burn rapidly.
• FlangingIn three-piece can assembly, the walls are flanged outward so that the top and bottom pieces can be attached.
• Flare1. A device that burns gaseous materials to prevent them from being released into the environment. Flares may...
• Flare combustion efficiencyFraction of hydrocarbon gas, on a volume or mole basis, that is combusted at the flare burner tip.
• Flare gas header systemAll piping and knockout pots, including those in a subheader system, used to collect and transport gas to a...
• Flare gas recovery systemSystem of one or more compressors, piping and the associated water seal, rupture disk or similar device used...
• Flare purge gas1. Gas introduced between a flare header's water seal and the flare tip to prevent oxygen infiltration...
• Flare stackStack in which the burning of waste gases through it or other device before releasing them to the air takes...
• Flare stack emission1. CO2 and N2O from partial combustion of hydrocarbon gas sent to a flare plus CH4 emissions resulting from...
• Flare supplemental gas1. All gas introduced to the flare in order to improve the combustible characteristics of combustion zone gas.
• Flare sweep gasFor a flare with a flare gas recovery system, the gas intentionally introduced into the flare header system...
• Flare vent gasAll gas found just prior to the flare tip. This gas includes all flare waste gas (i.e., gas from facility...
• FlaringThe burning of waste gases through a flare stack or other device before releasing them to the air.
• FlashFlash, a Macromedia plug-in, is a popular multimedia player for interactive vector graphics and animation for...
• FLASH cardA target, generally with markings, photographed to index microfilm. Also called flash target.
• Flash electroplatingAn electrolytic process performed in a tank that uses or emits any of the plating and polishing metal HAP, as...
• Flash point1. The lowest temperature at which evaporation of a substance produces enough vapor to form an ignitable...
• Flashing1. Material for allowing proper drainage around the joints and angles of the roof and penetrations through...
• Flashing lossNatural gas emissions resulting from the presence of dissolved natural gas in the produced oil and the...
• Flash-off Area1. Portion of a surface coating operation between the coating application area and bake oven.
• Flashoff area1. Portion of a coating line after the coating applicator and usually before the oven entrance.
• FlatRelative level area within a region of greater relief.
• Flat coatingCoating that is not defined under any other definition in this section and that registers gloss less than 15...
• FLAT fileIn electronic records, a simple two-dimensional arrangement of data elements used in data bases to store all...
• Flat glass1. Glass made of soda-lime recipe and produced into continuous flat sheets and other products listed in SIC...
• FLAT MICROFORMMicroform consisting of microfiche, microfilm jackets, aperture cards, or microcards (micro-opaques).
• Flat millSteel hot forming operations that reduce heated slabs to plates, strip and sheet, or skelp.
• Flat paint productCoating which, when fully dry, registers specular gloss less than or equal to 15 on an 85° gloss meter, or...
• Flat roofA slightly sloped roof, usually with a tar and gravel cover. Most commercial buildings use this kind of roof.
• Flatting agentCompound added to a coating to reduce the gloss of the coating without adding color to the coating.
• Flavoring agentSubstance added to foods and medicine to improve the quality of taste.
• Flea and tick insecticideAny insecticide product that is designed for use against fleas, ticks, and their larvae, or their eggs. “Flea...
• FledglingA young bird with feathers and wing muscles sufficiently developed for flight.
• Fleece rotIn sheep, excessive bacterial growth causes a dermatitis which damages the quality of the wool.
• FlexibilityAbility of the power system to respond to variations in supply and/or demand.
• Flexible delineatorHighly visible marker that can be positioned to direct traffic or define boundaries and that will flex if...
• Flexible enclosure gasSeal made of an elastomeric fabric (or other material) which completely encloses a slotted guidepole or...
• Flexible fabric sleeve sealSeal made of an elastomeric fabric (or other material) which covers an opening in a floating roof deck, and...
• Flexible flooring materialAsphalt, cork, linoleum, no-wax, rubber, seamless vinyl, and vinyl composite flooring
• Flexible fuel engine1. Engine designed for operation on any mixture of two or more different fuels.
• Flexible fuel vehicle1. Flexible fuel vehicles have a single fuel system to handle alternative and petroleum-based fuels.
• Flexible operation unit1. Process unit that manufactures different chemical products periodically by alternating raw materials or...
• Flexible operations process unitProcess unit that periodically manufactures different chemical products, polymers, or resins by alternating...
• Flexible packagingAny package or part of a package the shape of which can be readily changed. Flexible packaging includes, but...
• Flexible polyurethane foam1. Flexible cellular polymer containing urea and carbamate linkages in the chain backbone produced by...
• Flexible polyurethane foam fabrication facilityFacility where pieces of flexible polyurethane foam are cut, bonded, and/or laminated together or to other...
• Flexible polyurethane foam processEquipment used to produce a flexible polyurethane foam product. For the purpose of this subpart, the flexible...
• Flexible primerPrimer that meets flexibility requirements such as those needed for adhesive bond primed fastener heads or on...
• Flexible vinyl and urethane productProducts, except for resilient floor coverings (1977 Standard Industry Code 3996) and flexible packaging...
• Flexicoking unitRefinery process unit in which high molecular weight petroleum derivatives are thermally cracked and...
• Flexographic pressUnwind or feed section, which may include more than one unwind or feed station (such as on a laminator), a...
• Flexographic print stationPrint station on which a flexographic printing operation is conducted. A flexographic print station includes...
• Flexural wavesFlexural waves occur in bars and refers to the flexing, or bending, of a bar. Thus they can be created in...
• Flight muscleMuscle that allows insect wings to move in flight, often at great speeds
• Flight test coatingCoating applied to aircraft other than missiles or single-use aircraft prior to flight testing to protect the...
• FloatThe lighter materials present in petroleum refinery wastewater. As components of oily waste, float rises to...
• FloatablesLarge floating material sometimes characteristic of sanitary wastewater and stormwater runoff.
• Floating boomThese floating barriers are used in ocean oil spills to keep the oil localized.
• Floating membrane coverCover consisting of a synthetic flexible membrane material that rests upon and is supported by the hazardous...
• Floating roof1. Storage vessel cover consisting of a double deck, pontoon single deck, internal floating cover or covered...
• Floc1. Clumps of bacteria and particulate impurities that have come together and formed a cluster. Found in...
• Flocculation1. The process by which suspended colloidal or very fine particles are assembled into larger masses or...
• Flood1. An overflow of water onto lands that are used or usable by man and not normally covered by water. Floods...
• Flood controlMeasures which are intended to change the duration, frequency, or size of floods.
• Flood current1. The tidal current associated with the increase in height of the tide or the incoming tide, generally...
• Flood irrigationThe application of irrigation water where the entire surface of the soil is covered by ponded water.
• Flood loss reduction measureIn hydrologic terms, the strategy for reducing flood losses. There are four basic strategies. They are...
• Flood tidal deltaEquivalent to an Ebb Tidal Delta, except that this delta occurs on the landward side of a tidal inlet...
• Flood tidal delta flatThe relatively flat, dominant component of the flood tidal delta. At extreme low tide, this landform may be...
• Flood tidal delta slopeThe sloping surfaces found at the edge of the tidal delta.
• Flood tide1. A rising tide.
• Flood tide deltaA large sand shoal commonly deposited on the landward side of a tidal inlet formed by flooding tidal...
• Flood zone mapVisualization of flooding impacts of all causes (i.e. precipitation, sea level rise), either past, present...
• Flood zone mappingVisualization of flooding impacts of all causes (i.e. precipitation, sea level rise), either past, present...
• FloodgateGate preventing water to pass through a hole through a dam or a gap at the top of a dam. When the reservoir...
• Flooding1. The temporary submergence of land that is normally dry, often due to periodic events such as storms, see...
• Floodplain1. Mostly level land along rivers and streams that may be submerged by floodwater. A 100-year floodplain is...
• Floodplain management planOutlines the operation of a community program of corrective and preventative measures for reducing flood...
• Floodproofing1. A set of techniques that are intended to limit the amount of damage that will occur to a building and/or...
• Floodproofing, dryA floodproofing technique in which modifications are made to allow floodwaters inside a building while...
• Floodproofing, wetA floodproofing technique in which a building is sealed such that floodwaters cannot get inside the structure.
• Floor1. The upper surface of the stratum underlying a coal seam. In coals that were formed in persistent swamp...
• Floor coatingOpaque coating with a high degree of abrasion resistance that is formulated and recommended for application...
• Floor matTemporary or semipermanent protective floor coverings used for numerous applications, including home and...
• Floor polishWax, polish, or any other product designed to polish, protect, or enhance floor surfaces by leaving a...
• Floor seam sealerAny low viscosity specialty adhesive used in small quantities for the sole purpose of bonding adjoining rolls...
• Floor sweepCapture of heavier-than-air gases that collect at floor level.
• Floor tile pieceFloor tile measured in the standard size of 12″ × 12″ × 3/32″.
• Floor waxWax, polish, or any other product designed to polish, protect, or enhance floor surfaces by leaving a...
• Flooring feltAsbestos-containing product which is made of paper felt intended for use as an underlayer for floor...
• Flor yeastBenevolent yeasts which are able to form a film of yeast cells which floats on the surface of a wine.
• Flora1. Plant population of a particular region.
• Floral sprayCoating designed and labeled exclusively for use on fresh flowers, dried flowers, or other items in a floral...
• FloretSmall flower, especially one in a dense cluster; a grass flower.
• FloricaneA biennial stem typical of Rubus. In the first year of growth, the stem is called a primocane, since it is...
• FlotationSeparation of minerals based on the interfacial chemistry of the mineral particles in solution. Reagents are...
• FlotsamWreckage or discarded material, e.g. garbage, found floating on the surface of the ocean or washed up on the...
• Flow1. A flow consists of three components: a flowable, or the name of a material, energy or space; a flow...
• Flow channelAppendages used for conditioning and distributing molten glass to forming apparatuses and are a permanently...
• Flow chartA graphic presentation using symbols to show the step-by-step sequence of operations, activities, or...
• Flow clarifierAdditional information that help “clarify” the flowable by linking it to additional information, such as an...
• Flow class1. Classification system of elementary flows allowing based on the flow characteristics.
• Flow coating1. Method of applying coatings in which the part is carried through a chamber containing numerous nozzles...
• Flow configuration documentsThe principle document that defines the detailed data exchange processing design and roles governing a data...
• Flow contextMetadata typically describing an environmental media/compartment of the flow origin or destination (e.g., “to...
• Flow cross-sectionThe two-dimensional area of flowing fluid measured perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow. In a...
• Flow cytometryA technique used to sort cells or other biological materials by means of flow through apertures of defined...
• Flow descriptionFlow metadata field that can be used to add additional information to describe the flow that may not be...
• Flow directionalityDescribing the direction of the flow as either input (resource) or output (emission) for elementary flows.
• Flow equalizationA basin, lagoon, tank or reactor that serves to control a variable flow of wastewater to achieve a near...
• Flow general informationA collection of additional metadata such as source, description and version number.
• Flow hoodDevice that easily measures airflow quantity, typically up to 2,500 cfm.
• Flow indicator1. Device which indicates whether gas flow is present in a vent stream.
• Flow isolationThe separation of one type of fluid from another type. Examples of flow isolation include separating...
• Flow linePipeline used to transport oil and/or gas to a processing facility or a mainline pipeline.
• Flow meterA logging device designed to measure the rate, and usually the direction, of fluid movement in a well; most...
• Flow meter accuracyCloseness of the measurement made by a flow meter to the reference value of the fuel flow being measured...
• Flow monitorComponent of the continuous emission monitoring system that measures the volumetric flow of exhaust gas.
• Flow pollutantA pollutant for which the environment has some absorptive capacity. It does not accumulate in the environment...
• Flow proportional composite sampleComposed of grab samples collected continuously or discretely in proportion to the total flow at time of...
• Flow rate1. The rate, expressed in gallons -or liters-per-hour, at which a fluid escapes from a hole or fissure in a...
• Flow recordingThe recording of flowrate measurements, often by an automatic recording device. Typically an instrument is...
• Flow regimeCombinations of river discharge and corresponding water levels and their respective (yearly or seasonally)...
• Flow source1. Flow metadata that provides the original source of a flow. This information is useful for mapping and...
• Flow tubeA calibrated flow measuring device made for a specific range of flow velocities and fluids.
• Flow unitUnit of measurement of a flow (e.g. kg, m3, °C)e.g., kg.
• Flow UUIDUnique identifier that is automatically generated within a specific flow source (e.g. Federal Elementary Flow...
• Flow velocitiesThe speed, expressed in units of length per unit of time, at which a fluid flows through a culvert, channel...
• Flow versionFlow metadata that identifies different versions of the same list. The FEDEFL is a living vocabulary and this...
• Flowable1. Pesticide and other formulations in which the active ingredients are finely ground insoluble solids...
• Flowable fillCementitious slurry consisting of a mixture of fine aggregate or filler, water, and cementitious materials...
• Flowable substanceMost basic component of a flowable that clarifies the different component s that make up a flowable. For...
• FlowbackAfter the hydraulic fracturing procedure is completed and pressure is released, the direction of fluid flow...
• Flowback water1. Wastewater generated by ... Shale energy exploration, extraction, and production activities including, but...
• Flower1. Seed producing structure of a plant.
• Flower budA short stem with embryonic flower parts.
• Flower primordiaThe smallest form of the developing flower; often seen as very small bumps or buds found at the end of a...
• Flowering1. This is the stage when the crop starts flowering. In corn, tassel emergence and pollen shedding takes...
• Flowering plantAngiosperms that produce flowers, fruit, and seeds
• Flowering topTops of plants when in flower, including the stems, leaves and blooms.
• Flowing streamCourse of running water flowing in a definite channel.
• Flowing wellA well that taps ground water under pressure so that water rises without pumping. If the water rises above...
• Flowmeter1. A gauge indicating the velocity of wastewater moving through a treatment plant or of any liquid moving...
• FlowpathAn underground route for ground-water movement, extending from a recharge (intake) zone to a discharge...
• Flowrate1. Rate at which a feedstream is fed into a hazardous waste combustor.
• Flow-ThroughContinuous or an intermittent passage of test solution or dilution water through a test chamber or a holding...
• Flow-through process tankTank that forms an integral part of a production process through which there is a steady, variable...
• Flow-through systemSystem designed to provide a continuous water flow to waters of the United States through chambers used to...
• FluconazoleTriazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS.
• FlueConduit or duct through which gases or other matter are exhausted to the atmosphere.
• Flue gas1. The air coming out of a chimney after combustion in the burner it is venting. It can include nitrogen...
• Flue gas desulfurization1. The removal of sulfur oxides from exhaust gases of a boiler or industrial process; usually a wet scrubbing...
• Flue gas desulfurization pasteAny combination of FGD wastewater treated with fly ash, lime, Portland cement, and/or other pozzolanic...
• Flue gas desulfurization paste equipment cleaning waterAny wastewater generated from the cleaning of pugmills, piping, or other equipment used to make, process, or...
• Flue gas desulfurization system1. Any add-on air pollution control system located downstream of the steam generating unit whose purpose or...
• Flue gas desulfurization wastewater1. Any wastewater generated specifically from the wet flue gas desulfurization scrubber system that comes...
• Flue gas emissionEmission of the air coming out of a chimney after combustion in the burner it is venting. It can include...
• Flue gas mercury control wastewaterAny wastewater generated from an air pollution control system installed or operated for the purpose of...
• Fluid1. A fluid is any material or substance which flows or moves whether in a semisolid, liquid, sludge, gas or...
• Fluid catalytic cracking unit1. Refinery process unit in which petroleum derivatives are continuously charged; hydrocarbon molecules in...
• Fluid catalytic cracking unit catalyst regeneratorOne or more regenerators (multiple regenerators) which comprise that portion of the fluid catalytic cracking...
• Fluid coking unit1. Refinery process unit in which high molecular weight petroleum derivatives are thermally cracked and...
• Fluid DynamicsDescribes fluid flow, the movement of gases and liquids.
• Fluid formulationThe entire suite of products and carrier fluid injected into a well during hydraulic fracturing.
• Fluid leakageA slow unintended environmental release of gases or liquids into the environment. .
• Fluid samplerAn electronically controlled device that can be run on a logging cable to take water samples at selected...
• Fluidized1. (FLEW-id-i-zd) A mass of solid particles that is made to flow like a liquid by injection of water or gas...
• Fluidized bed asbestos segregatorThe FBAS is a sample preparation method/instrument that utilizes air elutriation to concentrate light...
• Fluidized bed boiler1. Boiler utilizing a fluidized bed combustion process that is not a pulverized coal boiler.
• Fluidized bed calcinerCombustion unit used at a kraft or soda pulp mill to calcine lime mud, which consists primarily of calcium...
• Fluidized bed combustion1. Process for burning coal more efficiently, cleanly, and cheaply. A stream of hot air is used to suspend a...
• Fluidized bed combustion technology1. Combustion of fuel in a bed or series of beds (including but not limited to bubbling bed units and...
• Fluidized bed combustion unitUnit where municipal waste is combusted in a fluidized bed of material. The fluidized bed material may remain...
• Fluidized bed combustorBoiler utilizing a fluidized bed combustion process.
• Fluidized bed incinerator1. An incinerator that uses a bed of hot sand or other granular material to transfer heat directly to waste...
• FlumeA natural or man-made channel that diverts water.
• FluorescenceThe emission of electromagnetic radiation (e.g., visible light) by a substance during exposure to external...
• Fluorescence in situ Hybridization1. Hybridization of cloned DNA to intact chromosomes, where the cloned DNA has been labelled with a...
• Fluorescence spectroscopyA type of emission spectroscopy in which the excited states (whose de-excitation causes the emission lines)...
• Fluorescent coatingCoating labeled as such, which converts absorbed incident light energy into emitted light of a different hue.
• Fluorescent light ballastDevice that electrically controls fluorescent light fixtures and that includes a capacitor containing 0.1 kg...
• Fluoridation1. (FLOOR-uh-DAY-shun) The addition of a chemical to increase the concentration of fluoride ions in drinking...
• FluoridesGaseous, solid, or dissolved compounds containing fluorine that result from industrial processes. Excessive...
• Fluorinated gas1. A group of powerful greenhouse gases that can stay in the atmosphere for hundreds to thousands of years...
• Fluorinated gasesPowerful synthetic greenhouse gases such as hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride...
• Fluorinated greenhouse gas1. Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), nitrogen trifluoride (NF3), and any fluorocarbon except for controlled...
• Fluorinated greenhouse gas destruction processProcess used to destroy fluorinated GHG in a destruction device such as a thermal incinerator or catalytic...
• Fluorinated greenhouse gas refrigerantAny substance consisting in part or whole of a fluorinated greenhouse gas and that is used for heat transfer...
• Fluorinated heat transfer fluidFluorinated GHGs used for temperature control, device testing, cleaning substrate surfaces and other parts...
• Fluorocarbons1. Any of a number of organic compounds analogous to hydrocarbons in which one or more hydrogen atoms are...
• FluoroquinolonesA group of quinolones with at least one fluorine atom and a piperazinyl group.
• FluoroscopyA medical technique used by doctors to visualize, in real-time, the internal anatomy of the human body by...
• FluorosisAn abnormal condition caused by excessive intake of fluorine, characterized chiefly by mottling of the teeth.
• Fluorotelomer-based polymersFluorocarbon-based molecules which have a small number of repeating units.
• FluorotelomersProducts of telomerization, which is the reaction of a telogen (such as pentafluoroethyl iodide) with an...
• FluoxetineThe first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more...
• Flush1. To open a cold-water tap to clear out all the water which may have been sitting for a long time in the...
• Flush cleaningRemoval of contaminants such as dirt, grease, oil, and coatings from an aerospace vehicle or component or...
• Flush leftcopy aligned along the left margin.
• Flush rightcopy aligned along the right margin.
• Flush systemA manure removal system in which an area is cleaned by high volumes of fresh water, or gray water that is...
• Flushed zoneThe zone in the borehole wall behind the mudcake that is considered to have had all mobile native fluids...
• FlushingA method used to clean water distribution lines. Hydrants are opened and water with a high velocity flows...
• Flushing systemA manure collection system that collects and transports manure using water.
• Fluvial1. Of or pertaining to streams; produced by stream action.
• Fluvial aggradationGeneral and progressive raising of a stream bed by deposition of sediment carried by the stream.
• Fluvial geomorphologyThe effect of rainfall and runoff on the form and pattern of riverbeds and river channels.
• Fluvial processTerm used to describe river or stream-related features or processes. Fluvial deposits are sediments deposited...
• Fluvio-marine depositStratified materials (clay, silt, sand, or gravel) formed by both marine and fluvial processes, resulting...
• Fluviomarine terraceA constructional, coastal strip, which slopes gently seaward and/or down valley and is veneered by (or...
• Flux1. Movement and transport of mass of any water quality constituent over a given period of time. Units of mass...
• Flux boxDevice exterior to a furnace, located in a transfer line from a furnace, used to refine (flux) molten...
• FluxingRefining of molten aluminum to improve product quality, achieve product specifications, or reduce material...
• Fly ash1. Non-combustible residual particles expelled by flue gas.
• Flyer(See: collateral material). An advertising circular.
• Flying bug insecticideAny insecticide product that is designed for use against flying insects including, but not limited to, flies...
• FlystrikeMaggot infestation, encouraged by the presence of blood, pus, vomit or other unclean conditions of an animal
• Flyway1. A broad-front band or pathway used in (bird) migration (Welty 1975:471).
• Foam adhesiveContact adhesive used for gluing foam to fabric, foam to foam, and fabric to wood.
• Foam blanketType of chemical fume suppressant that generates a layer of foam across the surface of a solution when...
• Foam boardA plastic foam insulation product, pressed or extruded into board-like forms, used as sheathing and...
• Foam core panelA type of structural, insulated product with foam insulation contained between two facings of drywall, or...
• Foam decontaminationA decontaminant for chemical and biological agents and radiological particles, and has blast mitigation...
• Foam fabrication processOperation for cutting or bonding flexible polyurethane foam pieces together or to other substrates.
• Foam gradeFoam with a distinct combination of indentation force deflection (IFD) and density values.
• Foam insulationA high R-value insulation product usually made from urethane that can be injected into wall cavities, or...
• Foam insulation productWhen used to describe a product containing or consisting of plastic foam, a product containing or consisting...
• Foam lineA type of fire line that incorporates the use of fire-resistant foam material in lieu of, or in addition to...
• Foam processingMany of the same processes used to manufacture solid plastic products (i.e., extrusion and molding) are used...
• Foamed plasticsFoamed plastics (or foams) have a unique cellular structure that is different from solid plastics.For this...
• Foaming agent1. Surfactants, often detergents, whose presence in drinking water is regulated by an EPA secondary standard.
• Foam-in-place insulationRigid cellular foam produced by catalyzed chemical reactions that hardens at the site of the work. The term...
• Focal landscapeA view characterized by convergent lines which lead the eye to the principal point of their apparent origin.
• Focal speciesThe species that is identified as being most sensitive to a threat in a changing environment. Species are...
• Focus group1. A group of people convened for the purpose of obtaining perceptions or opinions, suggesting ideas, or...
• Focused interviewAn interview organized around several predetermined questions or topics but providing some flexibility in the...
• Focused log1. A resistivity log that employs electrodes designed to focus the current into a sheet that provides greater...
• Fog1. A cloud with its base at the earth's surface. It reduces visibility to below 1 kilometer.
• Fog coating(Also known as mist coating and uniforming) means a thin coating applied to plastic parts that have molded-in...
• Fogging1. Applying a pesticide by rapidly heating the liquid chemical so that it forms very fine droplets that...
• FOIAProcesses and procedures that ensure compliance with information requests under the Freedom of Information...
• Foliar diseasesFungal leaf diseases that affect many types of plants, including food crops such as wheat, potatoes...
• Foliar uptakeAbsorption of substances through the leaves of a plant.
• Folic acid metabolic processMetabolic processes that utilize folic acid (as tetrahydrofolate) as a carbon unit donor.
• Folic acid metabolism inhibitionFolic Acid Metabolism Inhibition involves interference with, or restraint of, the activities of enzymatic...
• Foliose lichenFoliose lichens are leafy in appearance and loosely attached to the substrate. The top side is easily...
• Follicular dendritic cell1. A specific type of dendritic cell found in lymphoid tissues, such as the thymus and lymph nodes.
• Follow-up verification test1. For the purposes of § 82.156(i), those tests that involve checking the repairs within 30 days of the...
• Fomitopsis pinicolaA fungus that forms perennial conks that are corky and shelflike. Its characteristic feature is a red-brown...
• FontAny (digital) typeface that can normally be rendered in a variety of sizes.
• Food1. Any article used for food or drink for man or animals.
• Food additive1. Any substance added to food to: 1) maintain product consistency, 2) improve or maintain nutritional value...
• Food and Drug AdministrationAn agency of the U.S. Government responsible for the safety of the human food supply.
• Food canAny can manufactured to contain edible products and designed to be hermetically sealed. Does not include...
• Food chain1. A specific nutrient and energy pathway in ecosystems proceeding from producer to consumer.
• Food chain exposureSome ready-to-use cleaning products may contain ingredients that will be taken up by smaller aquatic plants...
• Food chain modelRepresentation of processes in the food chain
• Food chain/webA food chain is formed as one organism eats another. A food web is a system of interlocking and...
• Food coloring agentNatural or synthetic dyes used as coloring agents in processed foods.
• Food commodityAny raw agricultural commodity (food or feed) as defined in section 201(r) of the Federal Food, Drug, and...
• Food contaminantGenerally any health-endangering substance inadvertently present in substances used for human consumption...
• Food contaminationThe chemical, physical or biological contamination of food.
• Food crop1. Plants cultivated for food.
• Food curingAny of a variety of processes that employ chemicals, smoke, sugar, or spices to preserve foods and/or modify...
• Food desertLow income and low access tract measured at 1 mile for urban areas and 10 miles for rural areas. This data is...
• Food dyeNatural or synthetic dyes used as coloring agents in processed foods.
• Food emergencyAny incident, whether natural or manmade, that requires responsive action to protect the food supply.
• Food flavoring agentSubstances added to foods and medicine to improve the quality of taste.
• Food grade cargoEdible and non-edible food products. Specific examples of food grade cargos include, but are not limited to...
• Food grainCereal seeds most commonly used for human food, chiefly wheat and rice.
• Food manufacturingIndustries in the Food Manufacturing subsector transform livestock and agricultural products into products...
• Food millingMashing or breaking apart foodstuffs
• Food pesticide useUses of a pesticide chemical that are likely to yield residues in food or feed crops, meat, milk, poultry or...
• Food plant1. A plant that serves as a source of food for phytophagous organisms.
• Food preservativeSubstances capable of inhibiting, retarding or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other...
• Food processing1. Any aspect of the operations in the preparation, processing, transport, storage, packaging, wrapping...
• Food processing microorganismMicroorganisms used to process human foodstuffs including dairy products and breads.
• Food processing waste1. Refers to food residues produced during agricultural and industrial operations.
• Food production fungusFungus that serves as the food item, such as mushrooms, or fungus that serves as an ingredient to create the...
• Food Quality Protection ActTo amend the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic...
• Food related fungusFungus that is connected to animal or human food contamination or production
• Food resilienceLimiting the disruption to agricultural production and the availability and affordability of nutritious food.
• Food SafetyA system to ensure that illness or harm will not result from eating food.
• Food scrapsRefers to uneaten food and food preparation wastes from residences and commercial establishments (grocery...
• Food security1. The reliable access to sufficient affordable, nutritious food. Climate issues can include changes to food...
• Food spoilageVarying degrees of physical, chemical and/or biological deterioration of food sensory properties, nutrient...
• Food spoilage fungusFungus that contributes to the acidifying, discoloring, and general breakdown of foods into unsafe states...
• Food supplyUse for the quantity of food available at the regional or national level.
• Food use1. A food use is a use in, on or around or that may come into contact with food, including water for human...
• Food waste1. Uneaten food and food preparation wastes from residences and commercial establishments such as grocery...
• Food web1. Complex intermeshing of individual food chains in an ecosystem.
• Food web roleRole in predator-prey interactions
• Foodborne disease outbreakAn incident in which two or more cases of a similar illness result from eating the same food.
• Foodborne diseasesAcute illnesses, usually affecting the gastrointestinal tract, brought on by consuming contaminated food or...
• Foodborne illnessInfection or intoxication caused by the transfer of microbial or chemical contaminants (substances that spoil...
• Foodborne moldsMolds most often found on meat and poultry are Alternaria, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Cladosporium, Fusarium...
• Foodborne pathogenA microorganism that is capable of causing disease and that is transmissible by ingestion of food.
• Foodborne poison fungusFungus that produces myotoxins carried or transmitted to humans in food.
• Food-chain cropTobacco, crops grown for human consumption, and crops grown for feed for animals whose products are consumed...
• Food-chain transferA process by which substances in the tissues of lower-trophic-level organisms are transferred to the...
• FootThe structure found below the ankle joint required for locomotion.
• Foot and mouth diseaseA highly contagious viral disease of cattle and swine, as well as sheep, goats, deer, and other cloven-hoofed...
• Foot (Crossfoot), see Foot
• Foot valveA special type of check valve located at the bottom end of the suction pipe on a pump. This valve opens when...
• FootageThe raw material of produced continuous images which are assembled to create a motion picture.
• FootbathA long shallow tub or depression in the concrete where cows walk through a mild solution (usually including...
• FooterStone, concrete or other rigid structural material placed underneath other materials to provide a foundation...
• Footing1. The supporting base for the foundation walls.
• FootprintThe area in which a specific transmission can be received. Some footprints cover as much as one-third of the...
• FootrotA disease of the horny parts and of the adjacent soft structures of the feet of cattle, swine, and sheep...
• Forage1. Feedstuffs composed primarily of the whole plant, including stems and leaves that are utilized by cattle.
• Forage areaThe area utilized by an organism for hunting or gathering food.
• Forage crop1. Annual or perennial crops grown primarily to provide feed for livestock. During harvesting operations...
• Foraging societyPeople living as hunter-gatherers, way of obtaining food prior to the idea of domesticated crops and...
• Forb1. Any herbaceous plant that is not a grass.
• Force majeure1. For purposes of § 60.8, an event that will be or has been caused by circumstances beyond the control of...
• Force majeure event1. Release of HAP, either directly to the atmosphere from a pressure relief device or discharged via a flare...
• Forced air furnaceA type of heating system in which heated air is blown by a fan through air channels or ducts to rooms.
• Forced convectionOn a small scale. a form of mechanical stirring taking place when twisting eddies of air are able to mix.
• Forced draft process heaterProcess heater in which the combustion air is supplied under positive pressure produced by a fan at any...
• Forced expiratory volumeThe volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled during the first second of expiration following a maximal...
• Forced outageRemoval of a unit from service due to an unplanned component failure or other unplanned condition that...
• Forced vital capacityThe maximal volume of air that can be exhaled as forcibly and rapidly as possible after a maximal inspiration.
• Forced-choice questionA question that requires respondents to choose between available options. Options such as "other" or "none of...
• ForcingTo hasten the rate of progress or growth; in this report, forcing generally refers to climate change factors...
• Forcing functionsExternal empirical formulation used to provide input describing a number of processes. Typical forcing...
• Forcing mechanism1. A process that alters the energy balance of the climate system, i.e. changes the relative balance between...
• Forcing/Driving VariableAn external or exogenous (from outside the model framework) factor that influences the state variables...
• Forcing/Driving Variables, see Forcing/Driving Variable
• FordSubmerged stream crossing where the traffic surface is reinforced to bear intended traffic.
• ForearmThe structure on the upper limb, between the elbow and the wrist.
• ForebayAn extra storage space provided near an inlet of a wet pond or constructed wetland to trap incoming sediments...
• ForecastA prediction of future conditions and occurrences based on the perceived functioning of the system in...
• Forecasting1. Estimating the likelihood of an event taking place in the future, based on available data from the past.
• ForedunesSand dunes closest to the beaches.
• Foreground dataData from the foreground system that is the system of primary concern to the analyst.
• ForegutAnterior segment of the basic divisions of the digestive tract
• Foreign affairsForeign Affairs refers to those activities associated with the implementation of foreign policy and...
• Foreign biogas producerPerson who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a biogas production facility outside of the United...
• Foreign ethanol producer1. Person from a foreign country or from an area that has not opted into the program requirements of this...
• Foreign exporterPerson under the jurisdiction of the country of export who has, or will have at the time the planned...
• Foreign importerPerson to whom possession or other form of legal control of the hazardous waste is assigned at the time the...
• Foreign keyIn the context of relational databases, a foreign key is a referential constraint between two tables. The...
• Foreign nuisance animalAnimals that are not native to the region and cause harm to native species, to recreation and other uses of...
• Foreign nuisance plantPlants that are not native to the region and cause harm to native species, to recreation and other uses of...
• Foreign receiving facilityFacility which, under the importing country's applicable domestic law, is operating or is authorized to...
• Foreign renewable fuel producer1. Person from a foreign country or from an area outside the covered locations who produces renewable fuel...
• Foreign renewable natural gas producerPerson who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises an RNG production facility outside of the United...
• Foreign vesselVessel of foreign registry or a vessel operated under the authority of a country other than the United States.
• Foreign-born populationPeople who are not U.S. citizens at birth.
• Foreign-flagged vesselVessel of foreign registry or a vessel operated under the authority of a country other than the United States.
• ForemilkMilk produced at the beginning of breastfeeding.
• ForequartersThe two front quarters of a cow. Also called the fore udder.
• ForeshockForeshocks are relatively smaller earthquakes that precede the largest earthquake in a series, which is...
• ForeshoreThe zone of the shore or beach that is regularly covered and uncovered by the rise and fall of the tide.
• Forest1. Plant communities which exist along floodplains or on the eastern side of rivers where they were protected...
• Forest carbon sequestration1. As forests grow, they absorb atmospheric CO₂ and store it. When the rate of uptake exceeds the rate of...
• Forest declineA complex disorder involving abiotic and biotic stresses on a forest stand that results in a slow...
• Forest filter stripArea between a stream and construction activities that achieves sediment control by using the natural...
• Forest fireUncontrolled burning on land which has trees as the predominant vegetation.
• Forest fire recoveryA forest return to normal after a fire. Managed by minimizing erosion and its effects on aquatic systems...
• Forest fragmentation1. A form of habitat fragmentation occurring when large patches of forest are cut down in a manner that...
• Forest habitatAn area of land covered by trees and understory vegetation, sometimes mixed with pasture; forests are...
• Forest mulchingProviding any loose covering for exposed forest soils, such as grass, straw, bark, or wood fibers, to help...
• Forest parcelization1. The division and sale of privately owned forestland into smaller pieces owned by more landowners.
• Forest regenerationThe process of replacing older trees removed by harvest or disaster with young trees.
• Forest standA contiguous group of trees sufficiently uniform in species composition, arrangement of age classes, and...
• Forest-derived biomassGreen wood, forest thinnings, clean and unadulterated bark, sawdust, trim, tree harvesting residuals from...
• Forested wetland habitat1. Areas dominated by woody vegetation 6 meters (20 feet) or taller which remain saturated throughout the...
• Forest-interior species1. Species that tend to avoid edge habitats and that require large tracts of forest habitat for nesting and...
• Forestland1. Land with at least 25 percent tree canopy or that has been stocked with at least 10 percent forest trees...
• ForestrippingExpressing streams of milk from the teat prior to machine milking to determine visual quality and to...
• ForestryIndustries in the Forestry and Logging subsector grow and harvest timber on a long production cycle (i.e., of...
• Forestry activityThose activities associated with regeneration, growing, and harvesting of trees and timber including, but not...
• Forestry burningBurning of vegetative debris from a forestry or silvicultural activity that is necessary for disease or pest...
• Forest/Woodland HabitatAn area of land covered by trees and understory vegetation, sometimes mixed with pasture; forests are...
• Forged part alkaline cleaning rinseRinse following an alkaline cleaning bath through which a forged part is processed. A rinse consisting of a...
• Forged parts pickling rinseRinse, other than an alkaline cleaning rinse, through which forged parts are processed. A rinse consisting of...
• Forging1. Hot-working of heated steel shapes (e.g., ingots, blooms, billets, slabs) by hammering or hydraulic...
• Forging subcategoryCore of the forging subcategory shall include forging, artificial aging, annealing, degreasing, and sawing.
• FORMA document with a fixed arrangement of captioned spaces designed for entering and extracting prescribed...
• Form REPA's Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) collects information on chemical releases and transfers from reporting...
• Form reinforcingFabrication and placement of steel to be used for reinforcement into the form.
• Form release compoundCoating formulated and recommended for application to a concrete form to prevent the freshly placed concrete...
• Form strippingRemoving the concrete product from the form it was cast in or removing the form from the concrete product.
• Formal administrative actionAn enforcement action that is taken when a serious violation is detected, or when the owner and operator does...
• Formal amendmentA written modification of an assistance agreement signed by both the Award Official and the authorized...
• Formal justiceRefers to treating similar cases in the same way. .
• Formal reviewSpecial Review, Rebuttable Presumption Against Registration (RPAR), FIFRA section 6(c) suspension proceeding...
• Formal techniqueA prescribed, systematized method for carrying out a particular process.
• Formaldehyde1. A colorless, pungent, and irritating gas, CH20, used chiefly as a disinfectant and preservative and in...
• FORMAT1. The shape, size, style, and general makeup of a particular record.
• Formation1. A group of similar consolidation (that is, relatively solid) rocks of unconsolidated (that is, relatively...
• Formation brineWater from a distinctive body of rock that contains dissolved salts. This water is commonly extracted by oil...
• Formation fluidFluid present in a formation under natural conditions as opposed to introduced fluids, such as drilling mud.
• Formation oil1. Oil from a producing formation which is detected in the drilling fluid, as determined by the GC/MS...
• Formation waterWater that occurs naturally within the pores of rock.
• Formation-resistivity factorFormation factor (F) is the ratio of the electrical resistivity of a rock 100 percent saturated with water...
• Formative evaluationEvaluative activities undertaken to furnish information that will guide program improvement.
• Formerly restricted dataType of information classified under the Atomic Energy Act, and defined in 10 CFR 1045, Nuclear...
• Formic acidFormula CH2O2. Molecular weight: 46.0254. Simplest carboxylic acid.
• Forming1. Set of manufacturing operations in which metals and alloys are made into semifinished products by hot or...
• Forming apparatusMachinery used to give molten glass its shape. Includes the float bath used in flat glass manufacturing and...
• Forming for castingConstruction of forms, maybe of wood, concrete, or steel for use in concrete casting. Forms are cleaned...
• Forms managementActivities to ensure use of standard federal and Agency forms to support effective record keeping and ensure...
• Forms (models)Models can be represented and solved in different forms, including: analytic, stochastic, and simulation.
• Formula grants1. Formula Grants involve the allocation of money to states or their subdivisions in accordance with...
• Formulating and blendingProcess of mixing and combining hydrocarbon fractions, additives, and other components to produce finished...
• Formulation1. The substances comprising all active and inert ingredients in a pesticide.
• Formulation data1. Unless otherwise specified, means the recipe used to formulate or manufacture a coating product in terms...
• Formulation operationMixing, compounding, blending, and tablet coating.
• Formulator1. Any person engaged in the preparation or formulation of a substitute, after chemical manufacture of the...
• Forward calculationA method of calculating a risk estimate that involves the standard arrangement of the risk equation to solve...
• Forward dosimetryUses animal pharmacokinetic models to convert the administered dose-response relationship from toxicology...

1,343 of 29,894 terms in Environment terminology (MLC-0121). Request the full dataset.