Agriculture and food terminology · MLC-0114

Agriculture and food terms: V (113)

• VaccinationAdministration of vaccines to stimulate the host's immune response. This includes any preparation intended...
• Vaccine adjuvantsThe component of a vaccine which stimulates immunoreactivity against the antigen in the vaccine. The choice...
• Vacuum packagingThe packaging of processed products in which air is removed and a vacuum is formed. Carbon dioxide gas or...
• ValidamycinsA fermentation product of Streptomyces hygroscopicus var. limoneus. It is used for control Rhizoctonia solani...
• Validation of alternative methodsResearch using processes by which the reliability and relevance of a particular procedure, approach, method...
• ValidityThe degree to which a variable measures what it is intended to measure.
• ValinomycinA cyclododecadepsipeptide ionophore antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus and related to the...
• Value addedThe enhancement given a product or service represented by the final value of the product minus the value of...
• Value-added productsProducts that generally have increased in value due to processing.
• VancomycinAntibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to ristocetin that inhibits...
• Vapor pressure deficitThe difference between the observed vapor pressure and the saturation vapor pressure in the air.
• VariabilityThe observed differences attributable to true heterogeneity or diversity in a population.
• Varicella zoster virus infectionsInfections caused by Varicella zoster viruses.
• Vascular cell adhesion moleculesCytokine-induced cell adhesion molecule present on activated endothelial cells, tissue macrophages, dendritic...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor AThe original member of the family of endothelial cell growth factors referred to as vascular endothelial...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor BA vascular endothelial growth factor expressed in a variety of tissues. It binds with high specificity to...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor CA vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor DA vascular endothelial growth factor that specifically binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1A 180-kDa VEGF receptor found primarily in endothelial cells that is essential for vasculogenesis and...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2A 200-230-kDa tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors found primarily in endothelial...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3A vascular endothelial cell growth factor receptor whose expression is restricted primarily to adult...
• Vascular endothelial growth factor receptorsA family of closely related receptor protein-tyrosine kinases that bind vascular endothelial growth factors...
• Vascular plantsPlants containing specialized vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) which are more highly evolved than such...
• VasculitisInflammation of a blood vessel.
• Vasoactive intestinal peptideA highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological...
• VasodilationThe physiological widening of blood vessels by relaxing the underlying vascular smooth muscle.
• Vasomotor systemThe neural systems which act on vascular smooth muscle to control blood vessel diameter. The major neural...
• VasopressinAntidiuretic hormones released by the neurohypophysis of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to...
• Veal calvesCalves fed (usually only milk) for early slaughter, usually less than 4 months and 350 pounds.
• Vector competenceThe physiological ability of a vector organism to acquire, maintain and transmit an infectious agent, as...
• Vector dataA type of spatial data that uses a coordinate system to represent a point, line or polygon (area).
• Vectorial capacityThe capability for disease transmission by a vector to a host, as influenced by behavioral, ecological and...
• VedaprofenIt is a propionic acid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in veterinary medicine mainly for horses and...
• VegetablesAny part of a plant that is commonly eaten by humans as food, but is not considered to be a culinary fruit...
• Vegetated waterwaysGrassed waterways are constructed graded channels that are seeded to grass or other suitable vegetation. The...
• Vegetation indexLinear combinations of spectral band responses in digital count, reflectance factor, or voltage to determine...
• Vegetation structureThe overall morphology and architecture of a plant community, such as the vertical layers of plants of...
• Vegetation typesA plant community with distinguishable characteristics.
• Vegetative cellsCells that are not involved in gamete production.
• VelamenVelamen is multiseriate, spongy layer of root epidermis that is composed of dead and air-filled cells. It is...
• Venezuelan equine encephalitis virusA species of Alphavirus that is the etiologic agent of encephalomyelitis in humans and equines. It is seen...
• VenomsPoisonous animal secretions forming fluid mixtures of many different enzymes, toxins, and other substances...
• Ventral adhesive diskThe microtubular structure found in Giarida trophozoite cytoskeleton. Ventral adhesive disk is an essential...
• VerjuiceThe sour juice of unripe fruits, such as apples, crab apples or grapes, from which an acid liquor may also be...
• VermifiltrationA low-cost, odorless, sustainable wastewater filtration technology that uses waste eater earthworms, and...
• VernalizationThe treatment of seeds, seedlings, bulbs, or other parts of a plant to cold conditions in order to shorten...
• VernationThe mode of arrangement of young leaves and its parts in the bud, before unfolding.
• VerotoxinsA class of toxins that inhibit protein synthesis by blocking the interaction of ribosomal RNA with peptide...
• Vertebrate pestsVertebrates that are pests to other organisms.
• Vertebrate virusesViruses that infect vertebrate hosts.
• Vertical disease transmissionThe transmission of infectious disease or pathogens from one generation to another. It includes transmission...
• Vertical farmingCultivation of vegetables, fruits, etc., vertically, within a building or other high rise structure, in a...
• Vertical integrationCoordination of various levels of producing, processing and distributing under one decision making unit...
• Vertical resistanceHost resistance that is operational against one type of foreign matter or agent such as micororganism, pest...
• Verticillium wiltA plant disease caused by fungi of the genus Verticillium, which results in the shriveling, drooping, and...
• Very long chain fatty acidsFatty acid with aliphatic tails longer than twenty two carbons.
• Vesicular exanthema of swineA calicivirus infection of swine characterized by hydropic degeneration of the oral and cutaneous epithelia.
• Vesicular transport proteinsA broad category of proteins involved in the formation, transport and dissolution of transport vesicles. They...
• VeteransAny person with extended experience in a particular occupation or activity.
• Veterinary entomologyArthropod pests of animals and humans.
• Veterinary medicineThe diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of companion, domestic, exotic, wildlife and production...
• Veterinary schoolsEducational institutions for individuals specializing in the field of veterinary medicine.
• ViabilityThe ability of a cell, organism, spore, seed or other living thing to survive and continue its life processes.
• VibriosisA bacterial infection caused by organisms of the genus Vibrio, commonly Vibrio vulnificus or Vibrio...
• Viburnum burkwoodiiInterspecific hybrid between Viburnum carlesii x Viburnum utile.
• Video recordingThe storing or preserving of video signals for television to be played back later via a transmitter or...
• VigorThe health or hardiness of an organism exhibited by growth, high fertility, large size, and longevity.
• VinesWoody or herbaceous plants which produce flexible stems that climb, trail, or creep. Vines may lie prostrate...
• Viral antibodiesImmunoglobulins produced in a response to viral antigens.
• Viral cell transformationAn inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell...
• Viral core proteinsProteins found mainly in icosahedral DNA and RNA viruses. They consist of proteins directly associated with...
• Viral fusion proteinsProteins, usually glycoproteins, found in the viral envelopes of a variety of viruses. They promote cell...
• Viral inclusion bodiesAn area showing altered staining behavior in the nucleus or cytoplasm of a virus-infected cell. Some...
• Viral loadThe quantity of virus particles present in a sample of tissue or body fluid, thus providing a measurement of...
• Viral sheddingThe expelling of virus particles from the body. Important routes include the respiratory tract, genital...
• Viral vaccinesSuspensions of attenuated or killed viruses administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious viral...
• ViremiaThe presence of viruses in the blood.
• Virgin forestsNatural forest virtually uninfluenced by human activity.
• Virgin olive oilA grade of olive oil indicating oil processed without any chemical treatment and containing no additives.
• VirginiamycinA cyclic polypeptide antibiotic complex from Streptomyces virginiae, S. loidensis, S. mitakaensis, S...
• VirionThe extracellular complete virus particle consisting of RNA or DNA and the associated protein coat that is...
• ViroidsA group of pathogens comprising the smallest known agents of infectious disease. They are unencapsulated and...
• Virtual waterThe volume of freshwater used in producing a food and/or nonfood product; virtual water is figuratively...
• VirulenceThe degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case...
• Virus assemblyThe assembly of viral structural proteins and nucleic acid (viral DNA or viral RNA) to form a virus particle.
• Virus curingCausing the loss of a dormant virus which has inserted itself into a bacterial genome (a lysogenized virus).
• Virus receptorsSpecific molecular components of the cell capable of recognizing and interacting with a virus, and which...
• Virus replicationThe process of intracellular viral multiplication, consisting of the synthesis of proteins; nucleic acids...
• Virus-like particle vaccinesVaccines using supra-molecular structures composed of multiple copies of recombinantly expressed viral...
• Virus-like particlesNon-infectious particles produced when expression of viral structural proteins results in a viral...
• Visceral fatBody fat that cushions organs, especially intestinal organs.
• Viscin threadsThread like exine extensions that tangle with the pollen.
• ViscoelasticityThe ability of a material to simultaneously exhibit viscous and elastic responses to deformation.
• ViscometersInstruments that measure viscosity of a fluid.
• ViscometryThe measurement of viscosity of a fluid.
• ViscosityThe internal friction within a fluid that causes it to resist flow. Absolute viscosity is typically given in...
• Visual aidsInformation presented in a visual form, such as posters, pictures, maps, charts, digital images, etc. in...
• Visual perceptionThe selecting and organizing of visual stimuli based on the individual's past experience.
• VitaminsOrganic substances that are required in small amounts for maintenance and growth, but which cannot be...
• Vitelline membraneThe plasma membrane of the egg.
• VitrificationThe transformation of a liquid to a glassy solid i.e., without the formation of crystals during the cooling...
• Vivipary (animals)Producing live young from the body.
• Vivipary (plants)Plants having seeds or bulbils that germinate while still attached to the parent plant, e.g. mangrove, Allium.
• VivisectionThe cutting of or surgical operation on a living animal, usually for physiological or pathological...
• Vocational educationEducation for specific trades or occupations.
• Volcanic rocksVolcanic rocks are formed by solidification of molten materials which have been extruded onto the ground...
• VoltinismThe number of broods or generations a population of a species produces within a year.
• Volunteer managementThe recruitment, scheduling, recognition, and retention of volunteers.
• Volunteer plantsPlants found growing without having been planted, as by natural regeneration, and if undesired, are...
• Volunteer trainingTraining of volunteers.
• Vomeronasal organAn accessory chemoreceptor organ that is separated from the main olfactory mucosa. It is situated at the base...
• Vulvovaginal candidiasisInfection of the vulva and vagina with a fungus of the genus Candida.
• VulvovaginitisInflammation of the vulva and the vagina, characterized by discharge, burning, and pruritus.

113 of 6,798 terms in Agriculture and food terminology (MLC-0114). Request the full dataset.