Agriculture and food terminology · MLC-0114

Agriculture and food terms: D (295)

• Daily Reference ValuesReference values for the dietary intake of fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, carbohydrate, protein, fiber...
• Daily ValuesThe Percent Daily Value (%DV) on the Nutrition Facts Label shows how much of a nutrient is in one serving of...
• dams (hydrology)A manmade barrier built across a body of water for the purpose of impounding water in a reservoir.
• daptomycinA cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits gram-positive bacteria.
• data collectionSystematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires...
• data deficient speciesA taxon that is not evaluated for its risk of extinction by the International Union for Conservation of...
• data qualityA measure of scientific precision, exactness, or correctness of quantitative or qualitative values, relative...
• data visualizationThe graphic representation and interpretation of data as computer-generated figures, charts, diagrams, etc.
• daunorubicinA very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others...
• day care centersFacilities providing care of children, dependent adults, or elders by persons other than their parents or...
• day-neutral plantsA day-neutral plant is one whose flowering is not dependent upon the duration of light or dark period as seen...
• days openNumber of days between calving and conception.
• deacidificationTo raise the pH of a substance or material to above 7.0
• dead animalsAnimals that are no longer alive. Carcasses.
• dead woodDead branches or completely dead standing trees resulting from natural processes or anthropogenic activity...
• deadheadingThe practice of removing dead or spent flowers to encourage subsequent flowering, prevent seed production or...
• dealcoholizationThe process of removal of alcohol from biological materials, liquids or beverages.
• deamidationA type of chemical reaction in which an amide functional group is removed.
• deaminationThe removal of an amino group (NH2) from a chemical compound.
• death domain receptorsA family of cell surface receptors that signal via a conserved domain that extends into the cell cytoplasm...
• deblossomingThe practice of removing flowers from plants. Deblossoming is done on fruit trees in order to increase the...
• decarboxylationThe removal of a carboxyl group, usually in the form of carbon dioxide, from a chemical compound.
• decayed woodThe decomposition of wood substance by fungi.
• decentralizationDistribution of powers from a central authority to a local authority.
• declawingPermanent surgical removal of the claws, usually of felines and canines.
• decontaminationThe removal of contaminants or contaminating material from a product, a person, an object or an environment.
• decoupling (economics)The concept of separating farm payments from crop production or net returns, in order to remove incentives to...
• defeatheringThe removal of feathers from poultry carcasses during the manufacture of poultry products.
• defect action levelsLevels of natural or unavoidable defects in foods that present no health hazards for humans.
• deficiency diseasesDiseases caused by an insufficient intake of essential nutrients, i.e., protein (or amino acids), vitamins...
• definitive hostsA species that supports the adult or sexually reproductive form of a parasite.
• defluoridationThe process of removing excess fluoride from water.
• defoliantsChemicals which cause leaves or other foliage to drop from a plant, usually to facilitate harvest.
• deforestationThe clearing of a forest, or portion of a forest, to convert it to non-forest use, such as a farm...
• deformationA change in the shape or size of a solid body.
• dehiscenceThe splitting open at maturity of pods of capsules along definite lines or sutures.
• dehiscent fruitsThese fruits open at maturity to release the seed, etc.
• dehumidificationThe reduction, by any process, of the quantity of water vapor within a given space.
• dehydration (animal physiology)A physiological disturbance caused by reduction in body fluids of any kind. Although, it strictly means lack...
• dehydrogenationRemoval of hydrogen from a molecule.
• deionizationRemoval of ions from water by exchange with other ions associated with fixed charges on a resin bed. Cations...
• delaminationThe separation of layers in laminated wood or plywood because of failure of the adhesive, either within the...
• delignificationRemoval of part or all of the lignin from wood by chemical treatment.
• Delphi methodMethod of synthesizing diverse opinions into a consensus (most frequently, among experts), usually carried...
• demand elasticitiesRelationships between the change in the price of a commodity and the corresponding change in the quantity...
• demanufacturingThe disassembly of consumer products for the purpose of material recovery and recycling.
• demeclocyclineA tetracycline analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline...
• demersal fishFish that dwell at or near the bottom of a body of water.
• demographic statisticsConcept limited to the population statistics of any population.
• demonstration forestsForests which provide models of forest ecology and exhibitions of various forest management techniques and...
• denaturing gradient gel electrophoresisElectrophoresis in which various denaturant gradients are used to induce nucleic acids to melt at various...
• dendrimersTree-like, highly branched, polymeric compounds. They grow three-dimensionally by the addition of shells of...
• dendritesExtensions of the nerve cell body. They are short and branched and receive stimuli from other neurons.
• dendrochronologyThe study of annual growth rings of a tree in order to determine the historical date of their formation and...
• dendroclimatologyThe study of the annual growth rings of a tree to determine historical patterns of climate variation.
• dendroecologyThe use of tree ring data to investigate the past histories of ecological processes such as, forest dynamics...
• dendrologyThe identification, systematic classification, and study of habits and distribution of forest trees and other...
• dengueAn acute infectious human disease, caused by the dengue virus, that occurs in epidemics in tropical and...
• Dengue virusA species of the genus Flavivirus that causes an acute febrile and sometimes hemorrhagic disease in man...
• dense nonaqueous phase liquidsA DNAPL is one of a group of organic substances that are relatively insoluble in water and more dense than...
• densitometryThe measurement of the density of a material by measuring the amount of light or radiation passing through...
• density gradient centrifugationSeparation of particles according to density by employing a gradient of varying densities. At equilibrium...
• dental calculusAbnormal concretion or calcified deposit that forms around the teeth or dental prostheses.
• dental cariesLocalized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic...
• dental plaqueA film that attaches to teeth, often causing dental caries and gingivitis. It is composed of mucins, secreted...
• dentifricesAny preparations used for cleansing teeth; they usually contain an abrasive, detergent, binder and flavoring...
• denturesAn appliance used as an artificial or prosthetic replacement for missing teeth and adjacent tissues.
• deodorantsAgents that remove, correct, repress, or mask undesirable odors. In personal hygiene, deodorants often...
• deodorizationA process to eliminate or mask odors, especially offensive odors.
• deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyaseAn enzyme that catalyzes the reactivation by light of UV-irradiated DNA. It breaks two carbon-carbon bonds in...
• depsipeptidesCompounds consisting of chains of amino acids alternating with carboxylic acids via ester and amide linkages...
• depurationA process for purging impurities or microbial contaminants from an organism by desorption, diffusion...
• deracoxibA selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it is used in veterinary medicine for the control of pain and...
• derivatizationTransformation of a chemical compound into one of similar chemical structure but which may differ in chemical...
• dermal exposureContact between a physical, chemical or biological agent and the skin.
• dermatomycosesSuperficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.
• dermatomyositisA subacute or chronic inflammatory disease of muscle and skin, marked by proximal muscle weakness and a...
• dermisA layer of vascular connective tissue underneath the epidermis.
• desalinationThe process of removing salts from water, usually seawater, soil, or other substances.
• descriptive studiesA study which identifies patterns, trends, or characteristics but not causal linkages.
• desiccantsChemicals used for promoting drying of living tissues.
• designThe component of the planning process which controls the actual physical changes that will occur in time and...
• design for environmentDesign approach emphasizing sustainability principles which aims to lessen the environmental impact of a...
• designer drugsDrugs designed and synthesized, often for illegal street use, by modification of existing drug structures...
• desminAn intermediate filament protein found predominantly in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. Localized...
• desmosomesA type of junction that attaches one cell to its neighbor. One of a number of differentiated regions which...
• desorptionThe process of removing an absorbed or adsorbed substance.
• dessert winesWine having an alcoholic content in excess of 14 percent but not in excess of 24 percent by volume.
• destructive distillationThe breakdown of organic matter by applying indirect heat in an oxygen free atmosphere to capture the...
• desulfurizationThe process of removal of sulfur or sulfur oxides from gases, oils or other materials.
• desynapsisSeparation of paired homologous chromosomes at the diplotene stage of meiotic prophase I.
• detection limitConcentration or quantity that is derived from the smallest measure that can be detected with reasonable...
• detectorsA device that automatically identifies and records a stimulus.
• detergentsAn agent with polar (hydrophilic) and nonpolar (hydrophobic) regions that has cleaning properties due to its...
• deteriorationThe process by which products, materials, etc. fall from a higher to a lower level in quality.
• determinate growthPlant growth in which the growth of the main axis is terminated. Typically applied to inflorescences, where...
• deterministic modelsA mathematical model in which the parameters and variables are not subject to random fluctuations, so that...
• deterministic risk assessmentRisk evaluation involving the calculation and expression of risks as single numerical values or "single...
• detoxification (processing)The removal or inactivation of a poison or toxic substances from a nonliving substance or product.
• detritivoresAn organism (plant or animal) that feeds on the organic remains or other organic debris from autotrophic...
• detritusAny loose material produced directly from disintegration processes. Organic detritus consists of material...
• deuteriumThe stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.
• deuterium oxideThe isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. It is used to study mechanisms and rates...
• developed countriesCountries that have reached a level of economic achievement through an increase of production, per capita...
• developing countriesCountries in the process of change directed toward economic growth, that is, an increase in production, per...
• developmental milestonesSkills such as taking a first step, smiling for the first time, and waving “bye-bye” are called developmental...
• developmental orthopedic diseaseA general term for all the various limb anomalies and general growth disturbances of the limbs of young...
• developmental toxicityadverse effects of toxic substances, including abnormal growth, morphology or physiological function in a...
• dewatered biosolidsbiosolids that contain 12-45% solids.
• dewpointThe temperature at which a vapor begins to deposit as a liquid. Applies especially to water in the atmosphere.
• dextrinizationBreakdown of starch into dextrins due to heat, enzyme or acid stress.
• dhurrinA cyanogenic glucoside from the Sorghum.
• diabetes educatorsA health care professional who teaches people who have diabetes how to manage their diabetes.
• diabetic complicationsConditions or pathological processes associated with the disease of diabetes mellitus. Due to the impaired...
• diabetic dietA course of food intake prescribed for patients, that limits the amount of foods with a high glycemic index.
• diabetic retinopathyDisease of the retina as a complication of diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by the progressive...
• diadromous fishFish that migrate between freshwater and saltwater for breeding or feeding.
• diagenesisAll chemical, physical, and biological modifications undergone by a sediment after its initial deposition.
• diagnostic equipmentNonexpendable items used in examination.
• diagnostic pneumomediastinumDeliberate introduction of air or gas into the mediastinum as an aid to examination and diagnosis.
• diagnostic sensitivityThe proportion of known infected reference animals or people that test positive in a screening test.
• diagnostic specificityThe proportion of known uninfected reference animals or people that test negative in a screening test.
• diallel analysisMating a group of genotypes in all possible combinations in order to determine the relative genetic...
• diapauseDiapause is defined as a period of suspended development in certain organisms during unfavorable...
• diastereomersStereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. They have different physical properies but similiar...
• diazepamA drug used as a sedative or tranqualizer in many animal species. It can be used to prevent and treat anxiety...
• dichogamyThe condition of certain species of plants, in which the stamens and pistil do not mature simultaneously, so...
• dicloxacillinOne of the penicillins which is resistant to penicillinase.
• dicrocoeliasisInfection with flukes of the genus Dicrocoelium.
• diel activityBehavior occurring within a 24-hour period, including both daytime (diurnal) and nighttime (nocturnal) hours.
• dielectric heatingHeating of a dielectric material by a high-frequency alternating electric field, radio wave or microwave...
• dielectric spectroscopyA technique of measuring the dielectric properties of materials, which vary over a range of frequencies...
• dielectrophoresisThe motion of polarizable particles caused by a non-uniform alternating electric field.
• diestrusA period of sexual quiescence separating phases of estrus in polyestrous animals.
• diet therapyA prescribed modification of nutrient intake to treat a medical condition.
• dietary calciumCalcium compounds used as food supplements or in food to supply the body with calcium. Dietary calcium is...
• dietary carbohydrateCarbohydrates present in food comprising digestible sugars and starches and indigestible cellulose and other...
• dietary exposureExposure of an organism to a potentially harmful physical, chemical or biological agent by ingestion of a...
• dietary nutrient sourcesThe foods and supplements that contribute specific nutrients to the diet, such as legumes providing a...
• Dietary Reference IntakesDietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) is a term used to refer to at least three types of reference values...
• dietary restrictionVoluntary limitation of nutrient intake, food intake or food choices by humans in experimental and...
• dietary supplementsProducts in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be...
• dietary surveysSystematic collections of factual data pertaining to the diet of a human population within a given geographic...
• dieteticsThe application of nutritional principles to regulation of the diet and feeding persons or groups of persons.
• differential pressureThe difference in pressure between two points of a system, such as between the inlet and outlet of a pump.
• differentiation antigensAntigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and...
• diffuse solar radiationDiffuse solar radiation is that fraction of the solar radiation that is reaching Earth's surface after been...
• digestible dry matterAmount of digestible fibre in a feed or forage.
• digestible energyEnergy in food or feed that is available to humans or animals by digestion, and measured as the difference...
• digestible organic matterA percentage of energy and protein in forages/feed expressed as organic matter (DOM) intake minus fecal dry...
• digestive system neoplasmsTumors or cancer of the digestive system.
• digestive tract endoscopyEndoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the digestive tract.
• digger beesDigger bees are robust, fast-flying, ground nesting bees. Their body is about half-inch long and densely...
• dihaploidyThe chromosomal constitution of cells formed by haploidization of polyploids; dihaploids resulting from...
• dihydrostreptomycinA semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic that is used in the treatment of tuberculosis.
• dihydrotestosteroneA potent androgenic metabolite of testosterone. It is produced by the action of the enzyme...
• dihydroxyphenylalanineA beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic...
• diiodothyroninesThese metabolites of thyroxine are formed by the deiodination of T3 or reverse T3.
• dimensional stabilityThe ability of a material to retain its size and shape in the conditions in which it is used.
• dimerizationA chemical reaction in which two identical subunit molecules (monomers) form a single chemical structure...
• dinosaursGeneral name for two extinct orders of reptiles from the Mesozoic era: Saurischia and Ornithischia.
• dioecyHaving staminate (male) flowers and pistillate (female) flowers on different plants of the same species.
• dioriteA granular crystalline igneous rock commonly of acid plagioclase and hornblende, pyroxene, or biotite.
• diphtheriaA localized infection of mucous membranes or skin caused by toxigenic strains of Corynebacterium diphtheriae...
• diphtheria toxinAn ADP-ribosylating polypeptide produced by Corynebacterium diphtheriae that causes the signs and symptoms of...
• diphyllobothriasisInfection with tapeworms of the genus Diphyllobothrium.
• diploidyThe chromosomal constitution of cells, in which each type of chromosome is represented twice.
• direct contactA mode of exposure to a biological, chemical or physical agent between an exposed and a susceptible surface...
• direct peptide reactivity assayAn alternative method in toxicology to the Local Lymph Node Assay test for testing skin sensitization to...
• direct push technologyDirect push technologies are a category of equipment that push or drive steel rods into the ground. They are...
• direct solar radiationThe solar radiation that passes through the atmosphere and reaches Earth directly without any absorption or...
• disability weightsA scaling factor that ranks the severity of disease from zero (perfect health) to one (equivalent to death).
• disability-adjusted life yearA unit of health care status that adjusts age-specific life expectancy by the loss of health and years of...
• disaster assistanceFederal payments made to farmers because of a natural disaster when (1) planting is prevented or (2) crop...
• disc floretsThese are small tubular flower located at the centre of the flower head, usually fertile florets as seen in...
• discount rateA percentage that is used to adjust a forecast of expenditures to account for the time value of money or...
• discriminant analysisA statistical analytic technique used with discrete dependent variables, concerned with separating sets of...
• disease courseNatural history of how a disease behaves over time. It refers to the pathological development, sequence...
• disease eradicationTermination of all transmission of infection by global extermination of the infectious agent through...
• disease incidenceThe number of new cases of a given disease during a given period in a specified population. It is...
• disease occurrenceThe frequency of disease in a population without distinguishing between disease prevalence and incidence.
• disease outbreaksSudden increase in the incidence of a disease. The concept includes epidemics and pandemics.
• disease prevalenceThe total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is...
• disease progressionThe worsening of a disease over time. This concept is most often used for chronic and incurable diseases...
• disease reservoirsAnimate or inanimate sources which harbor disease-causing organisms and thus serve as potential sources of...
• disease resistanceDescribing any organism which has low susceptibility or has the ability to withstand a disease caused by...
• disease surveillanceThe collection, analysis, and communication of information for the purpose of disease prevention and control...
• disease surveysEpidemiological investigations into the occurrence, incidence and prevalence of disease in a population of...
• disease susceptibilityA constitution or condition of the body which makes the tissues react in special ways to certain extrinsic...
• disease vectorsInvertebrates or non-human vertebrates which transmit infective organisms from one host to another.
• disinfectantsSubstances used on inanimate objects that destroy harmful microorganisms or inhibit their activity.
• disinfectionA process or treatment which destroys pathogenic microorganisms.
• disinfestationThe application of any chemical, biological or physical procedures intended to eliminate undesired species...
• disk diffusion antimicrobial testA method where a culturing surface inoculated with microbe is exposed to small disks containing known amounts...
• disomicshaving a haploid set of chromosomes plus one additional homologous chromosome, e.g. N+1.
• disparlureThe sex pheromone of female gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar, as well as the synthetic sex attractant used to...
• dispersionsA two-phase system consisting of the distribution of finely divided particles in a continuous medium.
• displaced abomasumA chronic disease of young ruminants in which the abomasum is twisted to the left or to the right of its...
• dissectionThe separation and isolation of tissues for surgical purposes, or for the analysis or study of their...
• disseminated intravascular coagulationA disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic...
• dissolved gasesGases in solution.
• dissolved inorganic carbonThe sum total of carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, bicarbonate anion, and carbonate in water solution.
• dissolved oxygenThe amount of free oxygen in water.
• distance educationEducation delivery via one or more communications media (e.g., correspondence, radio, television, video...
• distillationA chemical process for separating the components of a liquid mixture by boiling and collecting condensed...
• distressAn adverse effect on humans or animals when they cannot escape from or adapt to physical or mental stress.
• diterpenoidsTerpenoids having a C20 skeleton.
• dithioniteThe dithionous acid ion and its salts.
• diuresisAn increase in the production or excretion of urine.
• diurnal activityAnimal and human activity during the daylight hours. Compare "nocturnal activity".
• diverticulitisInflammation of a diverticulum or diverticula.
• diverticulumA pathological condition manifested as a pouch or sac opening from a tubular or sacular organ.
• DNAThe chemical substance from which genes are made. DNA is a long, double-stranded helical molecule made up of...
• DNA adductsCovalent adducts between chemical mutagens and DNA.
• DNA barcodingTechniques for standardizing and expediting taxonomic identification or classification of organisms that are...
• DNA damageInjuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left...
• DNA fingerprintingA technique for identifying individuals of a species that is based on the uniqueness of their DNA sequence...
• DNA footprintingA method for determining the sequence specificity of DNA-binding proteins. DNA footprinting utilizes a DNA...
• DNA fragmentationSplitting the DNA into shorter pieces by endonucleolytic DNA cleavage at multiple sites. It includes the...
• DNA glycosylasesA family of DNA repair enzymes that recognize damaged nucleotide bases and remove them by hydrolyzing the...
• DNA librariesA large collection of DNA fragments cloned from a given organism, tissue, organ, or cell type. It may contain...
• DNA methylationAddition of methyl groups to DNA. DNA methyltransferases perform this reaction using s-adenosylmethionine as...
• DNA methyltransferaseEnzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They are responsible for producing a...
• DNA microarraysIt consists of thousands of DNA spots attached to a solid support. Each spot contains multiple copies of DNA...
• DNA packagingThe folding of an organism's DNA molecule into a compact, orderly structure that fits within the limited...
• DNA probesSpecies- or subspecies-specific DNA (including complementary DNA; conserved genes, whole chromosomes, or...
• DNA repairThe reconstruction of a continuous two-stranded DNA molecule without mismatch from a molecule which contained...
• DNA replicationThe process by which a DNA molecule is duplicated.
• DNA shufflingThe use of DNA recombination (recombination, genetic) to prepare a large gene library of novel, chimeric...
• DNA-binding proteinsProteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA...
• domesticationThe process of breeding for one or more desirable characteristics in plants and animals.
• dominant genesGenes that influence the phenotype both in the homozygous and the heterozygous state.
• dopamineOne of the catecholamine neurotransmitters in the brain. It is derived from tyrosine and is the precursor to...
• Doppler effectThe change in frequency with which energy reaches a receiver when the receiver and the energy source are in...
• Doppler radarRadar which utilizes the Doppler effect to determine the radial component of velocities of relative radar...
• dosage formsCompleted forms of the pharmaceutical preparation in which prescribed doses of medication are included. They...
• dose responseThe relationship between the amount of exposure (dose) to a substance and the resulting changes in...
• dosimetryQuantification of radiation doses to cells, tissues, organs, individuals or populations resulting from...
• double croppingTwo different crops grown on the same area in one growing season.
• double-balloon enteroscopyEndoscopy of the small intestines accomplished while advancing the endoscope into the intestines from the...
• doubled haploidsA ploidy condition created when the chromosome set of haploid cells undergoes chromosome doubling, producing...
• douchiChinese traditional fermented and salted black soybean food product that is rich in proteins.
• dough spongesAn intermediate step in the dough making process, usually a fermented mixture of flour, yeast and liquids.
• downer animalsAnimals that cannot stand or walk unassisted, due to illness or injury.
• downy mildewA pseudofungus forming grayish downy patches, usually on the underside of leaves.
• doxorubicinAntineoplastic antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces peucetius. It is a hydroxy derivative of daunorubicin.
• doxycyclineA synthetic tetracycline derivative with similar antimicrobial activity. Animal studies suggest that it may...
• draft animalsAnimals used to supply power to pull farming implements, carts, vehicles, heavy loads, etc.
• drag coefficientA ratio quantifying the resistance force on an object moving in a fluid such as air or water.
• drainage systemsManmade systems of furrows, ditches, tile drains, pipes, etc. which collect and remove water from a central...
• drainage waterAny water, usually precipitation or irrigation water, that enters, interacts with, and then leaves a...
• drawbarsA bar across the back of a vehicle, such as a tractor, to which implements are hitched.
• drawdownIn hydrologic terms, the lowering of the surface elevation of a body of water, the water surface of a well...
• dredgingDredging is the removal of sediments and debris from the bottom of lakes, rivers, harbors, and other water...
• dried biosolidsbiosolids that contain >50% solids.
• dried milkDairy product made from milk by the removal of 95-98% of the water.
• dried skim milkThe product obtained by removing water from pasteurized skim milk. It contains not more than 5% moisture and...
• drip lossThe loss in weight of food products owing to extruding and dripping away of tissue juices, such as meat...
• drone congregation areasSpecific areas in the air where queens and drones fly to mate.
• drones (insects)The males of social bees and wasps.
• drug administration routesThe various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal from where the...
• drug antagonismPhenomena and pharmaceutics of compounds that inhibit the function of agonists (drug agonism) and inverse...
• drug carriersForms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug...
• drug designThe molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer...
• drug developmentThe entire process of bringing a new drug to the market. It includes both preclinical and clinical testing...
• drug evaluationAny process by which toxicity, metabolism, absorption, elimination, preferred route of administration, safe...
• drug implantsSmall containers or pellets of a solid drug implanted in the body to achieve sustained release of the drug.
• drug synergismThe action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.
• drug therapyThe use of drugs to treat a disease or its symptoms. One example is the use of antineoplastic agents to treat...
• drugsAny chemical compounds, including nutrients, that are used in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, or cure...
• dry climatesThe most obvious climatic feature of this climate is that potential evaporation and transpiration exceed...
• dry depositionThe deposition of atmospheric gases and particulates to the Earth's surface in the absence of precipitation...
• dry environmental conditionsHabitats or sites characterized by the limited water availability.
• dry eye syndromeCorneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and...
• dry iceA solid form of carbon dioxide used as a refrigerant.
• dry period (lactation)The time in late pregnancy when a cow (or other lactating animal) ceases to give milk. Commonly, U.S. dairy...
• dryland farmingA system of producing crops in semiarid regions (usually with less than 20 inches of annual rainfall) without...
• ductus deferensThe excretory duct of the testes that carries spermatozoa. It rises from the scrotum and joins the seminal...
• dumping (economics)Selling commodities in a foreign market at a lower price than in the domestic market; the price to the...
• dung beetlesBeetles feeding on dung.
• dung fliesFlies that breed in and feed on animal dung.
• duodenoscopyEndoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the luminal surface of the duodenum.
• duplicate genesTwo identical genes showing the same phenotypic action but localized in different regions of a chromosome or...
• durabilityThe quality or state of being resistant to breakage or destruction.
• duriansa large oval tasty but foul-smelling fruit with a prickly rind
• duripansA duripan (L. durus, hard; meaning hardpan) is a subsurface horizon that is cemented by illuvial silica to...
• durum wheatThe hardest of all U.S. wheats, seeded in the spring, and contains a high amount of protein, which is good...
• dustParticulates capable of temporary suspension in air or other gases - also particles smaller than an arbitrary...
• dynamic programmingAlgorithmic technique used for solving an optimization problem by caching subproblem solutions (memoization)...
• dynaminsA family of high molecular weight GTP phosphohydrolases that play a direct role in vesicle transport. They...
• dysbiosisChanges in quantitative and qualitative composition of microbiota. The changes may lead to altered host...
• dyschondroplasiaAbnormal development of cartilage and bone.
• dysoxiaAbnormal oxygen metabolism in cells and tissues.
• dysphagiaDifficulty in swallowing which may result from neuromuscular disorder or mechanical obstruction. Dysphagia is...
• dystociaSlow or difficult obstetric labor or childbirth.

295 of 6,908 terms in Agriculture and food terminology (MLC-0114). Request the full dataset.