Agriculture and food terminology · MLC-0114

Agriculture and food terms: F (346)

• Fabry diseaseAn X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of lysosomal alpha-galactosidase A. It is...
• facial vein punctureA less-invasive method of blood sampling where blood is taken from the vena facialis or facial vein.
• facilitated diffusionThe passive movement of molecules exceeding the rate expected by simple diffusion. No energy is expended in...
• facilities managementPractice of coordinating the physical workplace with the workflow of an organization.
• factor analysisA set of statistical methods for analyzing the correlations among several variables in order to estimate the...
• factor VIIHeat- and storage-stable plasma protein that is activated by tissue thromboplastin to form factor VIIa in the...
• factor VIIIAntihemophilic factor that is part of the factor VIII/von Willebrand factor complex. Factor VIII is produced...
• fair market valueThe price at which an item might be sold in a free market to a knowledgeable buyer from a knowledgeable...
• FalconidaeFamily including caracaras and falcons.
• falling numberA method for the determination of the effect of alpha amylase activity during the baking process.
• fallopian tubesA pair of highly specialized muscular canals extending from the uterus to its corresponding ovary. They...
• family day careCare of children, dependent adults, or elders by persons other than their parents or guardians.
• family farmsAn agricultural business which (1) produces agricultural commodities for sale in such quantities so as to be...
• family planningHealth care programs or services designed to assist individuals in the planning of family size. Various...
• family structureOrganizational framework of the family described by family membership, and the function of each member and...
• family supportProvision of food, money, shelter, etc. to families by community organizations, such as church groups and...
• family violenceDeliberate, often repetitive, physical abuse by one family member against another: marital partners, parents...
• famineThe conditions when at least 20 per cent of households in an area face extreme food shortages with a limited...
• farm areaThe area of agricultural land used for farming (crop and livestock production).
• Farm Credit AdministrationAs an independent agency in the Executive Branch of the U.S. Government, it is responsible for the regulation...
• Farm Credit SystemA national network of lending cooperatives owned by their farmer and rancher borrowers.
• farm laborPeople gainfully employed by a farm operator to assist with the farm work, including regular, seasonal...
• farm operatorsAn individual or group that controls the day-to-day management and decision-making of a farming operation.
• Farm Service AgencyStabilizing farm income, helping farmers conserve land and water resources, providing credit to new or...
• farm structureThe analysis of who contributes the land, labor and capital resources required for agricultural production...
• farm to forkA description of all steps in the process, from beginning to end, involving the production, processing...
• farm to schoolFarm to school is an initiative that connects children to local farms that produce fresh, healthy and...
• farmed animal speciesanimal species that are reared for market.
• farmersA person who is engaged in the raising of crops, poultry or livestock.
• farming systemsThe farming system is defined as a decision-making unit comprising the farm household, cropping systems, and...
• farmsAny establishment that normally produces and sells agricultural products.
• farrowingGiving birth to piglets.
• farrowing rateThe number of sows that farrow divided by the number of sows mated, usually pertaining to the herd and not...
• fascioloidiasisInfection of cattle and other herbivores with the giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized...
• fast foodsFoods designed for ready availability, use, or consumption and sold at eating establishments for quick...
• fat thicknessA measurement of the depth of fat tissue in humans or animals, or in meat.
• fate and transport modelsThe mathematical equations simulating a physical system which are used to assess and predict the movement and...
• fatty acid metabolismThe physiological processes involved in the biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of fatty...
• fatty acid transport proteinsA broad category of membrane transport proteins that specifically transport free fatty acids across cellular...
• fatty acid-binding proteinsIntracellular proteins that reversibly bind hydrophobic ligands including: saturated and unsaturated fatty...
• fatty fishFish that have oils throughout the fillet and belly cavity. They are normally found at or near the water's...
• fatty liverLipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid...
• fault tree analysisA technique by which many events that interact to produce other events can be related using simple logical...
• faunaThe animal life of an area, "animal" being used in the broad sense to include birds, fish, reptiles, insects...
• favismHemolytic anemia due to the ingestion of fava beans or after inhalation of pollen from the Vicia fava plant...
• FDA Food Safety Modernization ActFSMA was signed into law by President Obama on January 4, 2011. It aims to ensure the U.S. food supply is...
• feasibility studiesStudies to determine the advantages or disadvantages, practicability, or capability of accomplishing a...
• feather mealProtein feed supplement obtained by hydrolysis of feathers under heat and pressure.
• feather peckingFeather pecking is an abnormal behavior whereby some birds peck feathers from other birds or themselves. It...
• fecal collectionObtaining samples of human or animal feces for diagnostic purposes.
• fecesExcrement from the intestines, containing unabsorbed solids, waste products, secretions, and bacteria of the...
• feces compositionChemical composition of the feces.
• fecundityThe rate at which an individual produces offspring, usually expressed only for females. For example, the...
• feed additivesSubstances added to feeds to alter, improve or maintain feed characteristics or quality.
• feed conversionUnits of feed consumed per unit of weight increase or unit of production, e.g. milk, meat, eggs.
• feed grainsAny of several grains most commonly used for livestock or poultry feed, including corn, grain sorghum, oats...
• feed supplementsNutrients or other compounds designed to improve the nutrient content and nutritive value of feeds, and/or...
• feeder cattleGrowing beef cattle between the calf stage and sale to finishing operations.
• feeder pigsYoung swine in feeding operations which are being grown to market weight.
• feeding behaviorFeeding behavior is the manner by which organisms obtain and consume food.
• feeding enrichmentIn feeding enrichment, various types of food are offered to captive animals by varying the timing and methods...
• feeding methodsMethods of giving food to humans or animals.
• feeding preferencesNeeds for certain types of food or behaviors associated with finding and consuming food.
• feedlotsConfinement facilities where cattle are fed to produce beef for the commercial trade.
• feedsAny non-injurious edible material having nutrient value; may be harvested forage, range or artificial pasture...
• feedstocksRaw material used in biological, chemical or industrial processing, and converted to other products.
• feline acquired immunodeficiency syndromeAcquired defect of cellular immunity that occurs in cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)...
• feline infectious peritonitisCommon coronavirus infection of cats caused by the feline infectious peritonitis virus (Feline coronavirus)...
• feline leukemiaA neoplastic disease of cats frequently associated with feline leukemia virus infection.
• feline panleukopeniaA highly contagious DNA virus infection of the cat family, characterized by fever, enteritis and bone marrow...
• fellingThe cutting down of standing trees. "Felling" is not a synonym for logging nor harvesting. These latter terms...
• female genital diseasesPathological processes involving the female reproductive tract (genitalia, female).
• femoral fracturesFractures of the femur.
• femoral vein punctureA less-invasive method of blood sampling in rats (not mice) where blood is taken from the vein running along...
• fenofibrateAn antilipemic agent which reduces both cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood.
• fensWetlands that accumulate peat deposits. Fens are less acidic than bogs, deriving most of their water from...
• fenuron TCASalt of fenuron and trichloroacetic acid.
• feral animalsAnimals that have escaped from domestication and have reverted to the wild state.
• fermentationThe anaerobic breakdown by microorganisms of complex organic substances, especially carbohydrates, to CO2 and...
• ferredoxinsIron- or iron-sulfur containing proteins involved in electron transfer reactions.
• ferric compoundsCompounds containing trivalent iron.
• ferrichromeA cyclic peptide consisting of three residues of delta-N-hydroxy-delta-N-acetylornithine. It acts as an iron...
• ferricyanidesInorganic salts of the hypothetical acid, H3Fe(CN)6.
• ferrocyanidesInorganic salts of the hypothetical acid ferrocyanic acid (H4Fe(CN)6).
• ferroptosisA form of regulated cell death initiated by oxidative perturbations of the intracellular microenvironment...
• ferrous compoundsCompounds that contain divalent iron.
• fertigationApplication of appropriate amount of fertilizers (dissolved form or suspended form) to the plants via...
• fertilization (reproduction)The fusion between a male gamete and a female gamete to produce a zygote.
• fertilizersAny organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin which is added to soil to provide nutrients...
• fescue footA malady in cattle that commonly occurs during late fall and winter grazing of endophyte infected tall...
• fescue toxicosisA malady in cattle that commonly occurs during summer grazing of endophyte infected tall fescue. Symptoms...
• fetal macrosomiaA condition of fetal overgrowth leading to a large-for-gestational-age fetus. It is defined as birth weight...
• fetal resorptionThe disintegration and assimilation of the dead fetus in the uterus.
• fetoscopyEndoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the fetus and amniotic cavity through abdominal or uterine...
• fetuinsA family of calcium-binding alpha-globulins that are synthesized in the liver and play an essential role in...
• feverAn abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.
• fiber cellsA sclerenchyma cell which is narrowly elongated with pointed ends and has thickened secondary cells walls...
• fiber opticsA technique of transmitting light signals and images through optical fibers (very fine, flexible glass or...
• fiber saturationThe fiber saturation point is the stage in the drying or wetting of wood at which the cell walls are...
• fiberboardsA generic term inclusive of panel products of various densities manufactured of refined or partially refined...
• fiberglassA composite material made of plastic reinforced by glass fibers and used in a variety of items such as...
• fibrillinsA family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins that is structurally similar to latent TGF-beta binding...
• fibrinA protein derived from fibrinogen in the presence of thrombin, which forms part of the blood clot.
• fibroblast growth factor 1A 17-kDa single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of wound healing...
• fibroblast growth factor 2A single-chain polypeptide growth factor that plays a significant role in the process of wound healing and is...
• fibroblast growth factor receptor 1A fibroblast growth factor receptor with specificity for fibroblast growth factors; heparin sulfate...
• fibroblast growth factor receptor 2A fibroblast growth factor receptor that is found in two isoforms. One receptor isoform is found in the...
• fibroblast growth factor receptor 3A fibroblast growth factor receptor that regulates chondrocyte growth and cell differentiation. Mutations in...
• fibroblast growth factor receptor 4A fibroblast growth factor receptor that is mainly expressed in lung; kidney; pancreas; and spleen. It also...
• fibroblast growth factor receptorsSpecific molecular sites or structures on cell membranes that react with fibroblast growth factors (both the...
• fibroblastsConnective tissue cells which secrete an extracellular matrix rich in collagen and other macromolecules.
• fibroinsInsoluble, fibrous, extracellular proteins produced by certain species of insects, spiders, etc.
• fibrosisAny pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of...
• fibrous rootsA plant root system having a large number of small, finely divided, widely spreading roots but no taproots...
• ficollA synthetic polymer that is produced by a crosslinking of epichlorohydrin and sucrose.
• filipinA complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane...
• filliesFemale horses less than three years old.
• filter cakeThe solid or semisolid residue deposited on a filter following filtration of a fluid.
• filter stripsA strip or area of herbaceous vegetation that removes contaminants from overland flow.
• filtratesThe product of filtration; A substance that has passed through a filter.
• financeThe management of money, banking, investments, debts, and credit.
• finger foodsFinger food is food that is eaten directly with hands. It can be an entire meal or part of meal, for example...
• Finger Lakes regionThe area in western New York State around a group of long narrow lakes, including lakes Seneca, Cayuga...
• finger-jointed lumberAn end joint made up of several meshing wedges or fingers of wood bonded together with an adhesive. Fingers...
• fingerlingsYoung immature fish less than one year old, between 2-25 cm in length, and often used for stocking, line...
• finishingTo bring a feeder animal up to market, or slaughter, weight.
• fire behaviorThe manner in which a fire reacts to the influences of fuel, weather and topography.
• fire breakA natural or constructed barrier used to stop or check fires that may occur, or to provide a control line...
• fire detectionThe act of discovering, locating and reporting wildfires.
• fire historyThe history of fire frequency in a geographical area.
• fire intensityThe rate of heat energy released by a fire.
• fire regimeThe history and pattern of fire frequency, intensity, severity, seasonality and size in a particular...
• fire resistanceThe property of a material or assembly to withstand fire or give protection from it. As applied to elements...
• fire severityThe degree to which an ecosystem is altered or disrupted by fires. Fire severity is dependent upon the...
• fire suppressionThe overall process of detecting, locating, containing and extinguishing a fire.
• fire weatherWeather parameters (e.g., precipitation, relative humidity, windspeed and direction, etc.) that influence...
• firocoxibA nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the subclass COX-2 inhibitors or coxibs; used in the management of...
• First NationsThe aboriginal groups formally recognized by the Canadian government under the federal Indian Act of 1876.
• first-order lateral rootsThe roots branching directly from a tap root or primary root system.
• Fischer-Tropsch reactionFischer-Tropsch synthesis is a process for producing mainly straight-chain paraffinic hydrocarbons from a...
• fish cultureThe cultivation of fish, including freshwater and marine species, for food or other purposes.
• fish discardsCaught fish which are returned to the sea, alive or dead; these include all or a portion of the bycatch, and...
• fish diseasesDiseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true...
• fish embryo testA test used to determine acute toxicity of chemicals on embryonic stages of fish.
• fish fryYoung immature fish at the postlarval stage of development, characterized by the beginning of exogenous...
• fish industryIndustry involved with the harvesting, processing, marketing, and distribution of fish, shellfish, molluscs...
• fish killsThe sudden death of fish due to natural causes, pollutants, or environmental factors such as the reduction of...
• fish laddersIt is the combination of ingredients (structures, facilities, devices, operations, and measures) necessary to...
• fish larvaeThe developmental stage of fish which have hatched from the egg and receive nutrients from the yolk sac until...
• fish sauceA pungent, salty seasoning or condiment in Southeast Asian cuisine that is made from fermented anchovies or...
• fisheries managementThe process to maintain aquatic resources that are important to fisheries, such as assessment of aquatic...
• fistulaAbnormal communication or passage between two internal organs, or between an internal organ and the surface...
• fixed dose procedureThis test uses a dose selected to produce signs of toxicity but not death. The aim is to set a maximum dose...
• flagellinA protein with a molecular weight of 40,000 isolated from bacterial flagella. At appropriate pH and salt...
• flagship speciesPopular, charismatic, socially appealing species that serve as symbols and rallying points to evoke public...
• flakeboardsA generic term indicating a manufactured panel product composed of flakes bonded with a synthetic resin.
• flame retardantsMaterials applied to fabrics, bedding, furniture, plastics, etc. to retard their burning; many may leach out...
• flat-grained woodLumber that has been sawn parallel to the pith and approximately tangent to the growth rings. Lumber is...
• flatwareThe assortment of knives, forks, spoons and other implements used for eating.
• Flaviviridae infectionsVirus diseases caused by the Flaviviridae.
• Flavivirus infectionsInfections with viruses of the genus Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae.
• fleeceThe wool from all parts of a single sheep or similar animal.
• flood irrigationAn irrigation system in which a field is flooded to a depth of a few inches.
• flood meadowsNatural meadows located where river water or snowmelt provides seasonal flooding.
• floodplainsLowland and relatively flat areas adjoining inland and coastal waters, including flood prone areas of...
• floodsAn overflow or inundation that comes from a river or other body of water and causes or threatens to cause...
• flor yeastsBenevolent yeasts which are able to form a film of yeast cells which floats on the surface of a wine.
• floraThe sum total of the kinds of plants in an area at one time.
• floretsA single flower of a head or cluster, as seen in Compositae.
• florfenicolFlorfenicol is a fluorinated derivatives of chloramphenicol. It is a broad spectrum antibiotics used for...
• floricanesA biennial stem typical of Rubus. In the first year of growth, the stem is called a primocane, since it is...
• floricultureFloriculture is that branch of horticulture dealing with the production of field-grown or greenhouse-grown...
• flower tepalsUsed for outer row of flowers (petals and sepals) when these are not distinguished as either sepals or petals.
• floweringThe time at which a flower comes into full bloom.
• flue gasThe air coming out of a chimney after combustion in the burner it is venting. It can include nitrogen oxides...
• flue gas desulfurizationA technology that employs a sorbent, usually lime or limestone, to remove sulfur dioxide from the gases...
• fluid mechanicsThe study of the mechanical properties of fluids, i.e. liquids and gases, in motion or at rest.
• fluid milkMilk commonly marketed as fresh liquid milks and creams. It is the most perishable and highest-priced form of...
• fluidized bedsBed of suspended particles (a powder or other solid particulate material) in an upward flow of air or other...
• fluorescence in situ hybridizationA type of in situ hybridization in which target sequences are stained with fluorescent dye so their location...
• fluorescence microscopyMicroscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally...
• fluorescence recovery after photobleachingA method used to study the lateral movement of membrane proteins and lipids. A small area of a cell membrane...
• fluorescent dyesAgents that emit light after excitation by light. The wave length of the emitted light is usually longer than...
• fluorometryAn analytical method for detecting and measuring fluorescence in compounds or targets such as cells...
• fluoxetineThe first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more...
• fluvial soilsSoil that has been transported by the action of water in streams and rivers and has been deposited in the...
• fly ashUncombusted particulate matter in the combustion gases resulting from the burning of coal and other material.
• fly pollinationPollination of flowers by flies.
• foalsThe young of members of the horse family, usually under one year old.
• foam cellsLipid-laden macrophages originating from monocytes or from smooth muscle cells.
• focal adhesionsAn anchoring junction of the cell to a non-cellular substrate. It is composed of a specialized area of the...
• focus groupsA method of data collection and a qualitative research tool in which a small group of individuals are brought...
• fodder banksA small fenced area used for the production of high quality, nutrient or protein-rich animal fodder. It is...
• FODMAP dietA diet containing fermentable short-chain carbohydrates. A low FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides...
• foie grasThe liver of a goose or duck that is usually served as a spread.
• folic acid transportersProteins involved in the transport of folic acid and folate derivatives across the cellular membrane.
• follicular atresiaThe degeneration and resorption of an ovarian follicle before it reaches maturity and ruptures.
• follistatinA broadly distributed protein that binds directly to activins. It functions as an activin antagonist...
• fomitesInanimate objects that carry pathogenic microorganisms and thus can serve as the source of infection...
• food additivesAny substance added to food to: 1) maintain product consistency, 2) improve or maintain nutritional value, 3)...
• food allergiesIn a true food allergy, the body's immune system recognizes a reaction-provoking substance, or allergen, in...
• food analysisMeasurement and evaluation of the components of substances to be taken as food.
• Food and Drug Administration Food CodeA reference by the Food and Drug Administration guiding retailers like restaurants and grocery stores and...
• food banksUmbrella organizations or clearinghouses that solicit marketable and surplus food and grocery products and...
• food biopreservationThe use of products from plants and microorganisms to preserve foods.
• food biopreservativesA wide range of products from plants and microorganisms which can be used to preserve foods.
• food chainThe transfer of food energy from the initial source in plants through a series of organisms by repeated...
• food colorantsNatural or synthetic dyes used as coloring agents in processed foods.
• food contact surfacesA surface of equipment or a utensil with which food normally comes into contact. Also a surface of equiment...
• food defenseThe overall process of protecting the food supply from intentional contamination, including preventive...
• food desertsFood deserts are defined as urban neighborhoods and rural towns without ready access to fresh, healthy, and...
• food fadsDiets which become fashionable, but which are not necessarily nutritious.
• food grainsCereal seeds most commonly used for human food, chiefly wheat and rice.
• food groupsA food group is defined as the grouping of food items that have similar caloric and nutrient qualities...
• food handlingAny aspect of the operations in the preparation, processing, transport, storage, packaging, wrapping...
• food industryThe industry concerned with processing, preparing, preserving, distributing, and serving of foods and...
• food inspectionExamination of foods to assure wholesome and clean products free from unsafe microbes or chemical...
• food intoleranceThe body cannot adequately digest a portion of the offending food, usually because of some chemical...
• food intoxicationIllnesses caused by the consumption of microbial toxins present in foods.
• food justiceA movement for ensuring that all individuals have access to healthy, low cost, good quality, locally grown...
• food labelingUse of written, printed, or graphic materials upon or accompanying a food or its container or wrapper. The...
• food lawLaws and legislation that govern the quality, processing, packaging, labeling and safety of food, feeds and...
• food lossThe edible amount of food, postharvest, that is available for human consumption but is not consumed for any...
• food matrixThe nutrient and non-nutrient components of foods and their molecular relationships, i.e. chemical bonds, to...
• food microbiologythe presence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria, viruses and fungi in food and food products.
• food milesFood miles are the distance food travels from where it is grown to where it is ultimately purchased or...
• food pantriesOrganizations that distribute groceries (non-prepared foods, such as canned goods, cereals, rice, bread and...
• food preservationA variety of methods used to maintain foods in an edible state.
• food preservativesSubstances capable of inhibiting, retarding or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other...
• food processing wastesFood residues produced during agricultural and industrial operations.
• food puzzlesToys that encourage mental and physical stimulation during mealtime by challenging animals to use natural...
• food qualityRatings of the characteristics of food including flavor, appearance, nutritional content, and the amount of...
• Food Quality Protection ActThe Food Quality Protection Act was enacted on Aug. 3, 1996 to ensure the safety of food in the United States.
• food reinforcementThe motivation to obtain food when an individual is not hungry, or how hard an individual will work to obtain...
• food safetyThe fitness of a food for human consumption.
• food safety objectiveThe maximum frequency and/or concentration of a hazard in a food at the time of consumption that provides or...
• food sanitationthe promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by maintenance of sanitary conditions for foods, food...
• food securityAccess by all people, at all times to sufficient food for an active and healthy life. Food security includes...
• food serviceThe practice or business of making, transporting, and serving or dispensing prepared foods, as in a...
• food sovereigntyThe right of farmers, communities, countries to define their own food and agricultural policies or systems.
• food spoilageVarying degrees of physical, chemical and/or biological deterioration of food sensory properties, nutrient...
• food surfacesThe surface of any food or food product.
• food technologyThe application of food science to the preservation, processing and preparation of foods, and to their...
• food toxinsAny toxin found in food that has an adverse effect on an organism. The source of food toxin can be fungus...
• food wasteFood waste is a component of food loss and occurs when an edible item goes unconsumed, as in food discarded...
• food websThe complex network of linked food chains, trophic levels and feeding relationships among organisms in an...
• foodborne illnessFoodborne disease caused by consuming contaminated foods or beverages.
• food-drug interactionsThe pharmacological result, either desirable or undesirable, of drugs interacting with components of the diet.
• foodomicsA discipline that deals with food science and nutrition through the application of advanced omics (genomics...
• foodshedThe geographical area delimiting local and/or regional production, transport, marketing, delivery and supply...
• foodwaysThe eating habits, culinary practices, and food/health beliefs of a people, region, or historical period...
• foot rot (plant)A disease of plants in which the stem or trunk rots near the ground.
• foot-and-mouth diseaseA highly infectious disease caused by an Aphthovirus in cattle, pigs, sheep and goats. It is characterized by...
• footrotA disease of the horny parts and of the adjacent soft structures of the feet of cattle, swine, and sheep.
• forageForage is defined as the edible part of a plant, other than the separated grain, that is generally above...
• forage boxesA food enrichment device or box that encourages natural foraging behavior.
• forage cropsAnnual or perennial crops grown primarily to provide feed for livestock. During harvesting operations, most...
• forage fishA forage fish is any fish eaten by large predatory fish, seabirds or marine mammals. They are usually...
• forbsBroad-leaved herbaceous plants, especially those growing in a field or prairie, as opposed to mosses, ferns...
• foreign exchangeTransactions related to international money (currency) traded from one country to another by governments or...
• forensic palynologyThe study of pollens, spores or related material found in forensic samples to solve legal issues.
• forensic sciencesThe application of scientific knowledge to questions of law.
• forest bordersA clear borderline between closed forest and nonforest area.
• forest canopyThe more or less continuous cover of upper branches and foliage of forest trees which is exposed to sunlight...
• forest declineA complex disorder involving abiotic and biotic stresses on a forest stand that results in a slow...
• forest farmingForest farming is the cultivation of high-value specialty crops under the protection of a forest canopy that...
• forest growthchange in timber volume that occurs over an interval of time.
• forest landA part of land covered with forest or set aside for the cultivation of forests.
• forest litterThe uppermost layer of organic debris on the ground under a vegetation cover-i.e., essentially the freshly...
• forest plantationsForest stand regenerated artificially either by sowing or planting.
• forest regenerationThe renewal of a tree crop, whether by natural or artificial means.
• forest restorationThe process of returning degraded forests to their original structure, productivity, ecological integrity and...
• forest standsA community of forest trees which are generally uniform in species composition, size, age or condition and...
• forest thinningThe silvicultural practice of removing excess, diseased or poor quality trees and underbrush to improve the...
• forest typesNatural forests which are characterized by their dominant tree species.
• forest vegetation simulatorThe forest vegetation simulator (FVS) is an individual-tree, distance-independent, growth and yield model.
• forest yieldsVolume of timber in a forest at a specific point in time.
• forestsGenerally, an ecosystem characterized by a more or less dense and extensive tree cover. More particularly, a...
• formalinA 37% aqueous solution of formaldehyde, used as a histological fixative, disinfectant or antiseptic.
• formycinPyrazolopyrimidine ribonucleosides isolated from Nocardia interforma. They are antineoplastic antibiotics...
• fortified foodsFoods which contain a higher nutrient content above natural levels because of the addition of nutrients...
• fortified winesA wine to which additional alcohol has been added, often in the form of brandy.
• forwardersA machine used in the timber industry that carries logs from the felling site to a roadside for transport...
• fossil fuelsOil, natural gas, and coal. Fossil fuels were made in nature from ancient plants and animals, and today we...
• foster careCare and rearing of children in private homes by persons other than the natural parents, with or without...
• foulingBecoming encrusted, clogged or choked with foreign matter.
• founder effectThe principle that when a small sample of a larger population establishes itself as a newly isolated entity...
• fractal dimensionsA fractal is an irregular fragmented shape and often discontinuous. A fractal dimension is an extension of...
• fractional vegetation coverThe percentage of vertically projected area of vegetation (including leaves, brances, stems) in a unit area.
• frameshift mutationA type of mutation in which a number of nucleotides deleted from or inserted into a protein coding sequence...
• free air carbon dioxide enrichmentAn experimental system for determining how ecosystems and plant growth respond to controlled atmospheric...
• free on boardThe price of a good at a specific point or stage of delivery, usually the price before shipping.
• free radical scavengersSubstances that eliminate free radicals and protect the cells from reactive oxygen species.
• free radicalsMolecules having one or more unpaired electrons which are highly reactive with other chemical molecules.
• free range husbandryA system of animal management where animals are not confined and can freely roam and forage over a large area...
• free stallsResting cubicles in which dairy animals are free to enter and leave, as opposed to being confined in...
• free tradeA policy in international markets allowing unrestricted exchange of goods between countries without the...
• free-floating plantsAquatic plants that float on the water surface and are not rooted in soil.
• freemartinismA condition occurring in the female offspring of dizygotic twins in a mixed-sex pregnancy, usually in cattle...
• freeze dryingThe evaporation of water from a frozen product with the aid of high vacuum.
• freezingThe removal of heat to change a substance from a liquid to a solid.
• freightProducts and commodities transported by a commercial carrier.
• freightageThe charge for transporting products and commodities by a commercial carrier.
• frequencyThe number of occurrences of a periodic phenomenon within a specific amount of time.
• frequency distributionA distribution describing the rate or frequency of occurrence of a value in a series or population arranged...
• fresh produceRaw fruits and vegetables.
• fresh-cut foodsFish, meat, seafood, vegetables, fruits or other raw foods that have been trimmed, peeled, cut or minimally...
• frog cultureThe cultivation of frogs for food or other purposes.
• frog embryo teratogenesis assay-XenopusAlso known by FETAX (acronym), this is a 9-hour in vitro whole-embryo test developed to determine the...
• frogletsA tiny, immature frog that eventually becomes an adult.
• frogsAn omnivorous, short-bodied, tailless amphibian belonging to the order Anura.
• frondsThe leaf-like structure of a fern, palm, cycad, lichen, seaweed, or other lower plant.
• frost heaveThe pushing up of a surface by the accumulation of ice in the underlying soil.
• frugivoresOrganisms that feed primarily on fruits.
• fruit crackingA physiological disorder common in many fruit crops, especially tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The...
• fruit leatherThin leathery sheets of dried fruit puree.
• fruit winesFruit wine is produced by the alcoholic fermentation of juice from ripe fruits and/or berries other than...
• fruiting bodiesAny specialized reproductive structure that produces spores or gametes.
• fruitsA collective plant structure containing one or more embryos, which as a whole, develops from a gynoecium.
• fuel bedAn array of fuels usually constructed with specific loading, depth, and particle size, to meet experimental...
• fuel cellsDevice in which chemical energy is converted into electricity.
• fuel loadingThe quantity of living or dead vegetation that is easily ignited in a given area. Loading is usually...
• fuel moisture indexThe fuel moisture index is a tool that is widely used to understand the fire potential for locations across...
• fuels (fire ecology)Living or dead vegetation that can be ignited.
• fullereneA polyhedral carbon structure composed of around 60-80 carbon atoms in pentagon and hexagon configuration...
• fumigantsA pesticide or disinfectant used in the form of a gas, vapor, fume, or smoke.
• functional foodsFoods that are considered, by nature or manufacture, to contain significant levels of biologically active...
• functional propertiesThe characteristic chemical or physical behavior of a compound or substance influencing functionality.
• functional statusEvaluation of the ability to perform normal physical functions, such as walking, stooping, grip strength...
• functional unit (life cycle assessment)Life cycle assessments are organized in terms of a functional unit that appropriately describes the function...
• Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical ExperimentsAn independent charity that funds and promotes animal-use alternatives in research.
• fundingFinancial resources collected or provided for the support of a particular purpose.
• fungal antagonistsMicroorganisms exerting an adverse effect on the growth or reproduction of other fungi. These are often used...
• fungal antibodiesImmunoglobulins produced in a response to fungal antigens.
• fungal vaccinesSuspensions of attenuated or killed fungi administered for the prevention or treatment of infectious fungal...
• fungemiaThe presence of fungi or yeast circulating in the blood.
• fungibilityThe characteristic of interchangeability of goods or assets with other individual goods or assets of the same...
• fungivoresA fungivore is defined as a fungus-eating organism.
• fungus gardeningCultivation of fungi in the nests by certain species of ants and termites as a source of food.
• fungus gardensMass of spongy plant material mixed with fungal mycelia, often seen in certain insect nests.
• furrow irrigationA surface irrigation method in which water is run in small ditches or furrows, usually spaced closely...
• furunculosisA persistent skin infection marked by the presence of furuncles, often chronic and recurrent. In humans, the...
• Fusarium wiltA disease of plants caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium.
• Future Farmers of AmericaAn organization for high school students studying vocational agriculture.
• futures tradingAn agreement between two people, one who sells and agrees to deliver and one who buys and agrees to receive a...
• fuzzy logicApproximate, quantitative reasoning that is concerned with the linguistic ambiguity which exists in natural...

346 of 6,908 terms in Agriculture and food terminology (MLC-0114). Request the full dataset.