Chemistry terminology · MLC-0109
Chemistry terms: T (642)
- Transmission spectrumA plot showing the fraction of incident electromagnetic radiation that passes through a sample as a function...
- TransmittanceThe fraction of incident electromagnetic radiation that passes through a sample. It is defined as the ratio...
- Transplacental carcinogenA substance that can induce cancer in offspring when the mother is exposed to it during pregnancy, with the...
- TransplantA complete biological structure, such as an organ or a piece of tissue, taken out of a donor and placed in a...
- TransplantationThe medical procedure involving the transfer of living cells, tissues, or organs from one part of an...
- TransportThe physical movement of a substance or material from one location to another within an analytical system...
- Transport efficiencyThe fraction of an analyte introduced into an analytical system that successfully reaches the detection...
- Transport interferenceA physical interference in flame atomic spectrometry that changes how much desolvated sample reaches the...
- Transport numberThe portion of the total electrical current in an electrolyte solution that is carried by a specific type of...
- Transport regionA part of a mass spectrometer, located between two other functional regions, through which ions are...
- Transporters associated with antigen processingA heterodimeric protein complex, TAP1 and TAP2, located in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. This...
- Transposition of the great arteriesA congenital heart defect where the two main arteries leaving the heart, the aorta and the pulmonary artery...
- TransposonA segment of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that can move from one location to another within a genome, often...
- TranssynapticDescribing a process or effect that extends across one or more synapses, involving the transmission of...
- Transtactic polymerA polymer in which all of the configurational base units along the main chain have a trans configuration...
- Transtentorial herniationThe displacement of brain tissue across the tentorium cerebelli, a dural fold separating the cerebrum from...
- TransurfA chain-transfer agent that also behaves as a surfactant, so its molecule has a hydrophilic part, a...
- Transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopyA nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique for studying large macromolecules by reducing the line...
- TrappingThe process of intercepting a reactive intermediate, such as a radical or carbene, by allowing it to react...
- Travel timeThe time interval required for an aerosolized sample to move from the point of nebulization to the...
- Travelling examination standardA stable, transportable material used to assess the performance of an examination procedure across different...
- Treacher Collins syndromeA rare genetic disorder characterized by craniofacial deformities, primarily affecting the development of...
- Treadmill testA diagnostic procedure used to assess cardiovascular function and exercise tolerance, where an individual...
- TreatabilityThe susceptibility of a substance, waste, or environmental contaminant to undergo a desired change in its...
- Treated solutionA sample solution that has undergone one or more chemical or physical processes to prepare it for analysis...
- TremorAn involuntary, rhythmic, and oscillatory movement of a body part, such as the hands, head, or limbs...
- TriageThe process of sorting and prioritizing patients or casualties based on the urgency and type of care needed...
- Triangulo-A prefix used in inorganic nomenclature to denote a triangular arrangement of three identical atoms in a...
- TriazanesOrganic compounds containing a three-nitrogen chain (N-N-N) with single bonds between the nitrogen atoms...
- TriazenesOrganic compounds characterized by a three-nitrogen chain containing one double bond (N=N-N), formally...
- TriboluminescenceThe emission of light that occurs when certain materials are subjected to mechanical stress, such as...
- Trigeminal nerveThe fifth cranial nerve, responsible for transmitting sensory information from the face, including touch...
- Trigeminal neuralgiaA chronic pain condition characterized by sudden, severe, and shock-like facial pain. The pain originates...
- Trigger valuesPredetermined numerical thresholds or criteria that, when exceeded, initiate a specific action...
- Trilaminar embryoAn embryonic stage characterized by the formation of three distinct germ layers: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and...
- TrimesterA period of three months, used to divide the nine-month human gestation period into three distinct phases...
- TrimethylenemethanesA class of highly reactive diradical organic compounds featuring a central carbon atom bonded to three...
- TrioxidesA class of compounds characterized by a linear chain of three covalently bonded oxygen atoms, with the...
- Triple pointThe specific temperature and pressure at which three phases of a substance (typically solid, liquid, and gas)...
- Triple quadrupole mass spectrometerAn instrument that couples two transmission quadrupole mass spectrometers in series, separated by a radio...
- Triple screenA prenatal diagnostic test performed during the second trimester of pregnancy to assess the risk of certain...
- Triple-resonance nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyA nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy technique that simultaneously applies radiofrequency pulses...
- Triplet stateAn electronic state of an atom or molecule in which two electrons have parallel spins, resulting in a total...
- Triplet-triplet absorptionThe absorption of a photon by a molecule that is already in an excited triplet electronic state, promoting it...
- Triplet-triplet annihilationA process in photochemistry where two molecules, both in their triplet excited states, collide. This...
- Triplet-triplet energy transferA non-radiative process where excitation energy is transferred from a donor molecule in its triplet excited...
- Triplet-triplet transitionsThe spin-allowed electronic transitions between two different triplet states of a molecule. These transitions...
- TriploidyA chromosomal abnormality characterized by the presence of an entire extra set of chromosomes in a cell...
- Triprismo-A stereochemical descriptor used in coordination chemistry to indicate that ligands are located at the...
- TriptanA class of drugs primarily used for the acute treatment of migraine headaches and cluster headaches. These...
- TrisomyA type of aneuploidy characterized by the presence of a third copy of a specific chromosome within a diploid...
- Trisomy 13A severe chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 13, also known as Patau...
- Trisomy 18A genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 18 in some or all cells of the body...
- Trisomy 21A genetic condition resulting from the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 in some or all cells...
- Trisomy 8A chromosomal condition in which there is an extra copy of chromosome 8. A complete trisomy 8 is almost...
- Tritactic polymerA tactic polymer whose configurational repeating unit contains three stereoisomeric sites, each with a...
- TritiumA radioactive isotope of hydrogen, denoted as 3H or T, containing one proton and two neutrons in its nucleus...
- Trivial nameA non-systematic name for a chemical compound that does not follow the rules of IUPAC nomenclature. These...
- TrocheA solid pharmaceutical dosage form, also known as a lozenge, intended to be dissolved or disintegrated slowly...
- Troe expressionA mathematical formula used in chemical kinetics to describe the pressure dependence of unimolecular and...
- TrophectodermThe outer layer of cells of the blastocyst, which surrounds the inner cell mass and the blastocoel. This...
- TrophicRelating to nutrition, in ecology especially to the way organisms obtain food and pass energy along a food...
- Trophic cascadeAn ecological phenomenon triggered by the addition or removal of top predators, which then propagates down...
- Trophic dilutionA decrease in the concentration of a contaminant in organisms at successively higher trophic levels within a...
- Trophic levelA position an organism occupies in a food chain, indicating its primary source of energy. Producers form the...
- Trophic structureThe organization of an ecosystem based on the feeding relationships among its constituent organisms. It...
- Trophic transferThe movement of substances, such as energy, nutrients, or contaminants, from one trophic level to the next...
- Trophic transfer factorA quantitative measure of the transfer efficiency of a substance, such as a contaminant, between two...
- TrophoblastThe outer layer of cells of the blastocyst that provides nutrients to the embryo and develops into a large...
- TropilidenesThe parent name for cyclohepta-1,3,5-triene and its derivatives formed by substitution. This non-aromatic...
- TropolonesA class of non-benzenoid aromatic compounds characterized by a seven-membered ring containing three double...
- TroponesA class of non-benzenoid aromatic compounds featuring a seven-membered hydrocarbon ring containing a ketone...
- TropopauseThe boundary layer in the Earth's atmosphere that separates the troposphere from the stratosphere. It is...
- TroposphereThe lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, extending from the surface up to an average altitude of about 12...
- Tropyl radicalsThe radical species derived from cycloheptatriene by the formal abstraction of a hydrogen atom from its CH2...
- Tropylium ionsA stable, aromatic carbocation consisting of a seven-membered carbon ring with six pi electrons, satisfying...
- True coincidenceThe simultaneous detection of two or more radiation events that originate from the same nuclear decay or...
- True negativeAn outcome in a binary classification test where the model correctly predicts the negative class. This...
- True nominal property valueThe actual, inherent state or characteristic of a nominal property in a given entity, independent of any...
- True positiveAn outcome in a binary classification test where the model correctly predicts the positive class. This...
- True valueThe ideal value that perfectly represents the quantity being measured, free from any measurement error. In...
- TruenessHow near the mean of a large series of measured values lies to a true or accepted reference value. It...
- Truncus arteriosusA single large arterial trunk that arises from both ventricles of the heart in the developing fetus, failing...
- TrypsinA serine protease enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptide bonds, specifically at the carboxyl side of...
- TryptophanAn alpha-amino acid that is a precursor for serotonin, melatonin, and niacin. It is one of the nine essential...
- T-stackingA non-covalent interaction between two aromatic rings arranged at right angles, with an edge hydrogen of one...
- Tub conformationA non-planar form of an eight-membered ring, seen in cyclooctatetraene, that resembles a shallow tub with D2d...
- Tube modelA theoretical framework used to describe the dynamics of entangled polymer chains in a melt or concentrated...
- Tube renewalThe process by which the confining tube, envisioned in the tube model for entangled polymers, is gradually...
- TuberculinA sterile liquid preparation containing a purified protein derivative (PPD) obtained from the tubercle...
- Tuberculin testA diagnostic procedure used to detect latent or active tuberculosis infection by assessing the immune...
- Tuberoinfundibular pathwayA neural pathway connecting the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to the median eminence, playing a key...
- Tubular fertility indexThe share of tubules in a histological section of the testis in which spermatogonia can be recognized...
- Tubular reabsorptionThe movement of water and dissolved substances out of the fluid in the kidney tubule, across the tubular...
- Tucker tri-linear analysisA chemometric method for decomposing three-way data arrays into a set of trilinear components, representing...
- TumorAn abnormal mass of tissue resulting from uncontrolled cell proliferation, which may be benign or malignant...
- Tumor antigenA substance produced by tumor cells that can elicit an immune response in the host organism. These antigens...
- Tumor immunologyThe study of the interactions between the immune system and cancer cells, focusing on how the immune system...
- Tumor necrosis factorA type of cytokine, a signaling protein, primarily produced by macrophages and other immune cells in response...
- Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factorA family of intracellular adaptor proteins that link members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor...
- Tumor progressionThe multi-step process by which a normal cell acquires genetic and epigenetic alterations, leading to...
- Tumor rejection antigenA molecule expressed on the surface of tumor cells that can be recognized by the host's immune system...
- Tumor suppressor geneA gene that regulates cell growth and division, typically by inhibiting cell proliferation or promoting...
- TumorigenicDescribing the ability of a cell, substance, or agent to induce or promote the formation of a tumor. This...
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyteA type of lymphocyte, primarily T cells, that has migrated from the bloodstream into the tumor...
- Tumor-specific transplantation antigenAn antigen expressed exclusively by tumor cells and not by normal cells, capable of eliciting an immune...
- Tunable laserA laser source whose output wavelength can be continuously adjusted over a specific spectral range. The...
- Tunel testA biochemical assay used to detect deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation, a hallmark of apoptosis or...
- Tung distributionA mathematical function used to describe the molar mass distribution of a polymer sample, particularly for...
- Tungsten-halogen lampA type of incandescent lamp that uses a tungsten filament enclosed in a compact, transparent envelope filled...
- Tunica albugineaA dense, white, fibrous connective tissue capsule that surrounds and protects certain organs, notably the...
- Tunica vaginalisA serous membrane that covers the testes and epididymis, derived from the peritoneum during testicular...
- TunnellingThe passage of a particle through a potential energy barrier that is classically insurmountable, meaning the...
- Turbidimetric titrationA titration method where the endpoint is determined by monitoring changes in the turbidity of the solution...
- TurbidityThe reduction of light transmission through a fluid due to scattering by suspended particles. It quantifies...
- Turbidity of waterA measure of the cloudiness or haziness of water caused by the presence of suspended particles that scatter...
- Turner syndromeA chromosomal disorder affecting females, characterized by the absence of all or part of one X chromosome...
- Turnover frequencyThe number of times a catalytic cycle is completed per active site per unit time. It is a measure of the...
- Turnover numberThe number of times a catalyst or photocatalyst completes its cycle, usually quoted as moles of product...
- Tversky similarityA method for quantifying the similarity between two sets, often used in cheminformatics to compare molecular...
- Twinned polymer crystalA polymer crystal composed of two or more individual crystals that are intergrown in a symmetrical fashion...
- Twin-tracer techniqueA method employing two distinct tracers, typically isotopes or labeled compounds, to simultaneously...
- Twisted intramolecular charge transferA photophysical process in molecules containing electron donor and acceptor groups connected by a single bond...
- Two hybrid systemA molecular biology technique used to detect protein-protein interactions in vivo, typically within a yeast...
- Two-compartment modelA pharmacokinetic model that describes the distribution and elimination of a substance within a biological...
- Two-dimensional chromatographyA chromatographic technique that separates components of a mixture by subjecting them to two different...
- Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopyA spectroscopic approach in which a sample is perturbed externally, by changing time, temperature or...
- Two-dimensional correlation spectrumA graphical representation generated by two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy, displaying the correlation...
- Two-dimensional gel electrophoresisA high-resolution analytical technique used to separate proteins based on two independent properties...
- Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyA class of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments that spread spectral information across two frequency...
- Two-generation reprotox studyAn animal study designed to assess the potential adverse effects of a substance on reproductive function and...
- Two-phase aqueous partitionA liquid-liquid extraction technique that uses a system composed of two immiscible aqueous phases for...
- Two-phase modelA conceptual model used to describe the morphology of semicrystalline polymers, which are considered to...
- Two-photon excitationThe simultaneous absorption of two photons by a molecule to reach an excited electronic state. This process...
- Two-photon photochromismA photochromic process initiated by the simultaneous absorption of two photons, leading to a reversible...
- Two-photon processA photochemical or photophysical event that involves the simultaneous absorption of two photons by a...
- Two-site immunoradiometric assayA type of immunoradiometric assay in which two antibodies bind different epitopes of the same antigen...
- TympanicRelating to or situated in the middle ear, specifically concerning the tympanic membrane or eardrum. It also...
- Type A organismAn aquatic organism that lives freely in the water column or on the sediment surface, exhibiting mobility and...
- Type B organismAn aquatic organism that lives within the sediment or is closely associated with it, often burrowing or...
- type-J coil planet centrifugeA specific design of a high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) instrument where the column coils...
- type-J synchronous planetary motionA planetary motion of the column holder in counter-current chromatography: the holder turns once on its own...
- Tyrosine kinaseAn enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to a tyrosine...
642 of 13,676 terms in Chemistry terminology (MLC-0109). Request the full dataset.