Law terminology · MLC-0107

Law terms: C (41)

• capital offenseA crime punishable by death.
• Case ancillary to a foreign proceedingA case commenced under Chapter 15 of the Bankruptcy Code by the representative appointed by a foreign...
• Case fileA complete collection of every document filed in court in a case.
• case lawThe law as established in previous court decisions. A synonym for legal precedent. Akin to common law, which...
• CaseloadThe number of cases handled by a judge or a court.
• cause of actionThe legal basis that allows for a party to seek judicial relief.
• chambersA judge’s office, typically including a conference room and workspace for the judge’s staff.
• Chapter 11The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code under which a debtor, usually a business like a corporation or...
• Chapter 12The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code providing for adjustment of debts of a "family farmer" or "family...
• Chapter 13The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code providing for the adjustment of debts of an individual with regular income...
• Chapter 13 trusteeA person appointed to administer a Chapter 13 case. A Chapter 13 trustee's responsibilities are similar to...
• Chapter 15The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code dealing with international insolvency cases.
• Chapter 7The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code providing for "liquidation" (i.e., the sale of a debtor's nonexempt...
• Chapter 7 trusteeA person appointed in a Chapter 7 case to represent the interests of the bankruptcy estate for the benefit of...
• Chapter 9The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code providing for the adjustment of eligible municipalities’ debts (eligible...
• Chief judgeThe judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court.
• Circuit ExecutiveA federal court employee appointed by a circuit judicial council to assist the chief judge of the circuit and...
• claimA creditor's right to payment from a debtor or the debtor's property.
• class actionA lawsuit in which one or more members of a large group, or class, of individuals or other entities sue on...
• Clerk of courtAn administrative officer appointed by the judges of the court to manage the flow of cases through the court...
• collateralProperty that serves as security for the satisfaction of a debt.
• common lawThe legal system that originated in England and is now in use in the U.S. today. Common law relies on the...
• community serviceA special condition the court imposes that requires an individual to work - without pay - for a civic or...
• complaintA civil complaint is a written statement filed by a plaintiff initiating a case, stating the jurisdiction of...
• concurrent sentencePrison terms for two or more offenses to be served at the same time, rather than one after the other...
• ConfirmationIn the bankruptcy context, approval of a plan of reorganization, liquidation, or adjustment of debts by a...
• consecutive sentencePrison terms for two or more offenses to be served one after the other. Example: Two five-year sentences and...
• Consumer bankruptcyA bankruptcy case filed to reduce or eliminate debts that are primarily consumer debts.
• Consumer debtorA debtor whose debts are primarily consumer debts.
• Consumer debtsDebts incurred for a personal, family, or household purpose, as opposed to business needs.
• Contested matterLitigation to resolve any actual dispute, other than an adversary proceeding, before the bankruptcy court...
• Contingent claimA claim for which the right to payment depends on the occurrence of a future event.
• contractAn agreement between parties that imposes legally binding obligations.
• convictionA judgment of guilt against a criminal defendant.
• counselLegal advice; a term also used to refer to the lawyers in a case.
• countAn allegation in an indictment or information, charging a defendant with a crime. An indictment or...
• courtGovernment entity presided over by judges and authorized by statute to resolve legal disputes. Judges...
• Court of International TradeA court established by Congress under Article III of the Constitution to hear cases involving U.S...
• court reporterA person who makes a word-for-word record of what is said in court, generally by using a stenographic machine...
• credit counselingThe "individual or group briefing" from an approved nonprofit budget and credit counseling agency that...
• creditorA person to whom or business to which the debtor owes money or that claims to be owed money by the debtor.

41 of 241 terms in Law terminology (MLC-0107). Request the full dataset.