Meteorology and atmospheric science terminology · MLC-0110
Meteorology and atmospheric science terms: G (110)
- GGusts- A rapid fluctuation of wind speed with variations of 10 knots or more between peaks and lulls.
- GageIn hydrologic terms, 1) A device for indicating the magnitude or position of a thing in specific units, when...
- Gage DatumA horizontal surface used as a zero point for measurement of stage or gage height. This surface usually is...
- Gaging StationIn hydrologic terms, a particular site on a watercourse where systematic observations of stage/ and or flow...
- GaleAn extratropical low or an area of sustained surface winds of 34 (39 mph) to 47 knots (54 mph).
- Gale warningA warning of sustained surface winds, or frequent gusts, in the range of 34 knots (39 mph) to 47 knots (54...
- Gale WatchA watch for an increased risk of a gale force wind event for sustained surface winds, or frequent gusts, of...
- GalleryIn hydrologic terms, a passageway within the body of a dam or abutment.
- GammaA unit of magnetic field intensity equal to 1 x 10.0^(-5) Gauss; also equal to 1 nanotelsa (nT).
- gamma rayA type of electromagnetic radiation with a very short wavelength and high energy level. Generally, emitted...
- Gap WindsStrong winds channeled through gaps in the Pacific coastal ranges, blowing out into the Pacific Ocean or into...
- gas lawsThe thermodynamic laws pertaining to perfect gases, including Boyle's law, Charles' law, Dalton's law and the...
- GateIn hydrologic terms, a device in which a leaf or member is moved across the waterway from an external...
- gaussThe unit of magnetic induction in the cgs (centimeter-gram- second) system
- Gaussian Plume ModelA computer model used to calculate air pollution concentrations. The model assumes that a pollutant plume is...
- Gaussian Puff ModelA model used to calculate air pollution concentrations. The model assumes that a continuously emitted plume...
- GDROn a buoy report, direction, in degrees clockwise from true North, of the GSP, reported at the last hourly...
- GEMPAKGeneral Environmental Meteorological Package (programming language)
- GENGeneral
- general circulationThe totality of large-scale organized motion for the entire global atmosphere.
- General Circulation Models(GCMs) - These computer simulations reproduce the Earth's weather patterns and can be used to predict change...
- General WindLand management agency term for winds produced by synoptic-scale pressure systems on which smaller-scale or...
- GeohydrologyIn hydrologic terms, the branch of hydrology relating to subsurface, or subterranean waters.
- Geomagnetic ElementsIn solar-terrestrial terms, the components of the geomagnetic field at the surface of the earth. In SESC use...
- Geomagnetic FieldThe magnetic field observed in and around the earth. The intensity of the magnetic field at the earth's...
- Geomagnetic StormIn solar-terrestraial terms, a worldwide disturbance of the earth's magnetic field, distinct from regular...
- Geophysical EventsIn solar-terrestrial terms, flares (Importance two or larger) with Centimetric Outbursts (maximum of the flux...
- geophysicsIn hydrologic terms, the study of the physical characteristics and properties of the earth; including...
- Geopotential heightThe height above sea level of a pressure level. For example, if a station reports that the 500 mb height at...
- Geostationary satelliteA satellite that rotates at the same rate as the earth, remaining over the same spot above the equator.
- geostrophic windA wind that is affected by coriolis force, blows parallel to isobars and whose strength is related to the...
- GeosynchronousTerm applied to any equatorial satellite with an orbital velocity equal to the rotational velocity of the...
- GFGround Fog- Fog produced over the land by the cooling of the lower atmosphere as it comes in contact with the...
- GFS(Global Forecast System) One of the operational forecast models run at NCEP. The GFS is run four times daily...
- GISGeographic Information System. A computer-based graphics program that allows the superposition of plan-maps...
- G/KGGrams per Kilogram
- glaciationThe transformation of cloud particles from water drops to ice crystals. Thus, a cumulonimbus cloud is said to...
- glacierIn hydrologic terms, bodies of land ice that consist of recrystallized snow accumulated on the surface of the...
- Glacier Dammed LakeIn hydrologic terms, the lake formed when a glacier flows across the mouth of an adjoining valley and forms...
- glacier windA shallow downslope wind above the surface of a glacier, caused by the temperature difference between the air...
- glazeIce formed by freezing precipitation covering the ground or exposed objects.
- GLF(Open Lakes Forecast) - A National Weather Service marine forecast product for the U.S. waters within a Great...
- Global Ensemble Forecast SystemA weather forecast model made up of 21 separate forecasts, or ensemble members. The National Centers for...
- Global Forecast System(GFS)- One of the operational forecast models run at NCEP. The GFS is run four times daily, with forecast...
- Global Temperature ChangeThe net result of four primary factors including the greenhouse effect, changes in incoming solar radiation...
- Global WarmingAn overall increase in world temperatures which may be caused by additional heat being trapped by greenhouse...
- gloryAn optical effect characterized by concentric rings of color (red outermost and violet innermost) surrounding...
- GLS(Great Lakes Storm Summary) A National Weather Service forecast product providing updated information...
- GMDSS(Global Maritime Distress and Safety System)- The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is...
- GMNOn a buoy report, the minute of the hour that the GSP occurred, reported at the last hourly 10-minute segment.
- GMTGreenwich Mean Time (now known as Universal Coordinated Time)
- GNDGround
- GNRLGeneral
- GoesGeostationary Operational Environmental Satellite- Satellites orbiting at 22,370 miles above the Equator with...
- GoMoosGulf Of Maine Ocean Observing System
- GPSAn acronym for Global Positioning System. A network of satellites which provide extremely accurate position...
- GRADGradient- A rate of change with respect to distance of a variable quantity, as temperature or pressure, in...
- gradient(abbrev. GRAD) A rate of change with respect to distance of a variable quantity, as temperature or pressure...
- Gradient High WindsThese high winds usually cover a large area and are due to synoptic-scale, extra-tropical low pressure...
- Gradual CommencementIn solar-terrestrial terms, the commencement of a geomagnetic storm that has no well-defined onset
- GranulationIn solar-terrestrial terms, the cellular structure of the photosphere visible at high spatial resolution.
- graupelSame as snow pellets or small hail.
- Gravity DamIn hydrologic terms, a concrete structure proportioned so that its own weight provides the major resistance...
- Gravity Recovery and Climate ExperimentNASA satellites that detect small changes in the Earth’s gravitational field caused by the redistribution of...
- gravity waveA wave created by the action of gravity on density variations in the stratified atmosphere. A generic...
- graybodyA hypothetical "body" that absorbs some constant fraction of all electromagnetic radiation incident upon it.
- GRDLGradual
- Great Circle TrackA great-circle track is the shortest distance between two points on a sphere, and when viewed on a...
- Great Lakes FaxbackDissemination systems housed at Weather Forecast Office (WFO) Cleveland by which Great Lakes customers...
- Great Lakes Freeze-Up/Break-Up Outlook(FBO) - A National Weather Service product to keep mariners informed of the projected freeze-up date or...
- Great Lakes Marine ForecastA National Weather Service coded summary appended to each of the Great Lakes Open Lakes forecasts.
- Great Lakes Storm Summary(GLS) - A National Weather Service forecast product providing updated information whenever a storm warning is...
- Great Lakes Weather Broadcast(LAWEB) - A National Weather Service product containing an observation summary prepared to provide Great...
- Green LineThe green line is one of the strongest (and first-recognized) visible coronal lines. It identifies moderate...
- Greenhouse effectAtmospheric heating caused by solar radiation being readily transmitted inward through the earth's atmosphere...
- greenhouse gasesThe gases that absorb terrestrial radiation and contribute to the greenhouse effect; the main greenhouse...
- GRIB(Gridded Binary Format) - A format used for meteorological data. Typically used in the past for computer...
- Grids1) Squared off areas across the terrain used to define forecast areas. Often 5x5 or 2.5x2.5 kilometer in size.
- Ground Blizzard WarningWhen blizzard conditions are solely caused by blowing and drifting snow.
- ground clutterA pattern of radar echoes from fixed ground targets (buildings, hills, etc.) near the radar. Ground clutter...
- ground fog(abbrev. GF) Fog produced over the land by the cooling of the lower atmosphere as it comes in contact with...
- Ground Heat FluxThe flux of heat from the ground to the earth's surface; a component of the surface energy budget.
- Ground receive sitesIn hydrologic terms, a satellite dish and associated computer which receives signals from the GOES satellite...
- Ground StrokeThe current that propagates along the ground from the point where a direct stroke of lightning hits the...
- Ground WaterIn hydrologic terms, water within the earth that supplies wells and springs; water in the zone of saturation...
- Ground Water DivideIn hydrologic terms, A line on a water table where on either side of which the water table slopes downward...
- Ground Water FlowIn hydrologic terms, streamflow which results from precipitation that infiltrates into the soil and...
- Ground Water HydrologyThe branch of hydrology that specializes in ground water; its occurrence and movements; its replenishment and...
- Ground Water OutflowIn hydrologic terms, the part of the discharge from a drainage basin that occurs through the ground water...
- Ground Water OverdraftPumpage of ground water in excess of safe yield.
- Ground Water RunoffThat part of the runoff which has passed into the ground, has become ground water, and has been discharged...
- Grounded iceIn hydrologic terms, ice that has run aground or is contact with the ground underneath it
- group velocityThe speed at which a particular wave front or swell train advances.
- Grout CurtainA barrier produced by injecting grout into a vertical zone, usually narrow (horizontally), and in the...
- growing degree-dayThe number of degrees that the average temperature is above a baseline value. For example, 40 degrees for...
- growing seasonthe period of time between the last killing frost of spring and the first killing frost of autumn.
- growlerSimilar to a bergy bit, but smaller, extending less than 1 meter above the sea surface and occupying an area...
- GRTgreat
- GRTSTGreatest
- GSPOn a buoy report, maximum 5-second peak gust during the measurement hour, reported at the last hourly...
- GSTOn a buoy report, peak 5 or 8 second gust speed (m/s) measured during the eight-minute or two-minute period...
- GSTYGusty
- GTRGreater
- Gulf StreamWarm water current extending from the Gulf of America and Florida up the U.S. east coast then east northeast...
- GUNAAverage of GHMI, EGRI, NGPI, and GFSI GHMI: Previous cycle GFDL, adjusted using a variable intensity offset...
- GungeSlang for anything in the atmosphere that restricts visibility for storm spotting, such as fog, haze...
- gust(Abbrev. G) - A rapid fluctuation of wind speed with variations of 10 knots or more between peaks and lulls.
- gust frontThe leading edge of gusty surface winds from thunderstorm downdrafts; sometimes associated with a shelf cloud...
- gustnado(or Gustinado) - A gustnado is a small, whirlwind which forms as an eddy in thunderstorm outflows. They do...
- gyresOceanic current systems of planetary scale driven by the global wind system.
110 of 3,164 terms in Meteorology and atmospheric science terminology (MLC-0110). Request the full dataset.